fluoride is an essential element for human health. however, excess fluoride in drinking water may cause dental and/or skeletal fluorosis. drinking water is the main route of fluoride intake. the aim of the present study was to measure fluoride levels in human breast milk collected from two regions of golestan province, northern iran with different amount of fluoride concentration of drinking wa...

besides human dental and skeletal fluorosis, drinking water above permissible levels of fluoride is known to cause a wide range of adverse health effects. in this study, the adsorption of fluoride from aqueous solution onto pretreated zeolite has been studied by using batch test. the large surface area of natural zeolite (i. e., clinoptilolite from miyaneh region, iran) was utilized to create a...

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the bioavailability of fluoride after topical application of a dual-fluoride varnish commercially available in Brazil, when compared to Duraphat. MATERIAL AND METHODS The urinary fluoride output was evaluated in seven 5-year-old children after application of the fluoride varnishes, in two different phases. In the first phase (I), children received topical applic...

AIM To evaluate chemically the effects of diode laser on fluoride uptake before and after laser irradiation of enamel surfaces. METHODS Crowns of 20 sound human teeth were halved and a 3 x 3 mm acid-resistant varnish uncovered window left for: A) no treatment; B) fluoride (Elmex gel); C) diode (fluoride + diode laser); D) diode (diode laser + fluoride). The dental surfaces were analysed using...

The introduction of fluoride to drinking water in 1958 resulted in a dramatic reduction of dental caries [1]. Subsequently, fluoride supplements were advocated for children whose water was not fluoridated, and now almost all toothpaste contains fluoride. The result is that multiple sources of fluoride, such as fluoridated toothpastes, fluoride supplements (drops and lozenges) and naturally occu...

background: fluoride is used increasingly in a variety of industries in india. emission of fluoride dust and fumes from the smelters of primary aluminum producing industries is dissipated in the work environment and poses occupational health hazards. objective: to study the prevalence of health complaints and its association with fluoride level in body fluids of smelter workers in a primary alu...