Clinicians have enthusiastically used fluoroquinolones owing to their good safety profile and wide range of indications. This article reviews fluoroquinolone pharmacology, pharmacodynamic principles, and fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms, highlighting recent trends in the epidemiology of fluoroquinolone resistance among gram-negative organisms and Streptococcus pneumonia. Important fluoroqu...

Limited evidence suggests that broad-spectrum fluoroquinolones such as gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin are more likely to cause Clostridium difficile-associated disease than levofloxacin. In a population-based case-control study of outpatients prescribed fluoroquinolones, we found no increased risk of C. difficile-associated disease requiring hospitalization among patients prescribed gatifloxacin...

Introduction: Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are commonly used antibiotics both in inpatient and outpatient settings. Their therapeutic use ranges from the common respiratory, urinary tract and gastrointestinal infections to management of drug resistant tuberculosis and febrile neutropenia in immunocompromised patients. [1] Significant features of this group of antibiotics include their wide antibacter...

BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance results in increased morbidity, mortality, and costs to the health care system. Evidence suggests an association between the use of antimicrobials in hospitals and the development of antimicrobial resistance. Fluoroquinolones constitute one group of antimicrobials that are effective against a variety of bacterial infections, yet they may be subject to misuse....

PURPOSE Commonly used fluoroquinolones are reported to have less of an effect than aminoglycosides on corneal epithelial cells. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of these antibiotics on stromal keratocytes in vitro. METHODS Cultured rabbit keratocytes were incubated with various concentrations of gentamicin, tobramycin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. Evaluations ...

Various fluoroquinolones (norfloxacin, enoxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, and sparfloxacin) induce DnaK and GroEL heat shock proteins in Escherichia coli. The induction is transient, consistent with the kinetics of cellular DNA relaxation. The concentrations of fluoroquinolones required for induction are similar to those required for DNA relaxation and much higher than those required for cell d...

Although fluoroquinolones (FQs) are generally well-tolerated antibiotics, increasing numbers of hypersensitivity reactions have been reported. These can be evaluated in vitro by basophil activation tests (BATs); however, sensitivity is not optimal. Many factors could influence sensitivity such as basophil activation markers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of 2 differe...

Abstract Livestock excrements are used as natural fertilizer, in the form of manure or slurry, to provide nutrients and organic matter arable soils. However, it is potentially contaminated with antibiotics residues, livestock farming prevent diseases (and thus animal losses), well increase animals’ body weight. This poses a contamination risk surrounding environments. Therefore, we quantitative...