OBJECTIVE Cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine (citicoline) has a variety of cognitive enhancing, neuroprotective, and neuroregenerative properties. In cocaine-addicted individuals, citicoline has been shown to increase brain dopamine levels and reduce cravings. The effects of this compound on appetite, food cravings, and brain responses to food are unknown. METHOD We compared the effects of treatmen...

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a worldwide common of reproductive women described as reproductive, endocrine and metabolic abnormalities. PCOS affecting 5-15% all around the world. defined multifactorial pathology, determined by association many factors such genetic, environmental. Prevalence rate in Pakistan more than 50% it increasing day young females. The objective study to access females who...

Women often experience novel food aversions and cravings during pregnancy. These appetite changes have been hypothesized to work alongside cultural strategies as adaptive responses to the challenges posed by pregnancy (e.g., maternal immune suppression). Here, we report a study that assessed whether data from an indigenous population in Fiji are consistent with the predictions of this hypothesi...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current paper reviews recent research on perceptions of food addiction in the lay public. It also examines the potential consequences of such beliefs for eating behaviour. RECENT FINDINGS Surveys suggest that, within community samples, the majority of individuals believe that certain foods are addictive, and that food addiction causes obesity. Further, many people believ...

PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate dimensionality and psychometric properties of the Italian Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait-reduced (FCQ-T-r) in a sample of obese and overweight patients seeking weight loss treatment. METHODS Participants were 504 (416 women and 88 men) overweight and obese patients (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2)), and 289 (215 women and 74 men) Italian adults not ...

Craving is considered a key characteristic of diverse pathologies, but evidence suggests it may be a culture-bound construct. Almost 50% of American women crave chocolate specifically around the onset of menstruation. Research does not support popular accounts implicating physiological factors in menstrual chocolate craving etiology. We tested the novel hypothesis that greater menstrual craving...

In the present study, the multidimensional Trait and State Food Cravings Questionnaires (FCQ-T and FCQ{S), as developed by Cepeda-Benito, Gleaves, Williams et al. (2000), were modified in order to construct an index of general food craving instead of specific food craving. The factor structure, validity and reliability of the modified questionnaires, renamed as the Trait and State General Food ...