Three competing accounts of vowel inherent spectral change in English all agree on the importance of initial formant frequencies; however, they disagree about the nature of the perceptually relevant aspects of formant change. The onset+offset hypothesis claims that the final formant values themselves matter. The onset+slope hypothesis claims that only the rate of change counts. The onset+direct...

This paper presents a speech enhancement method based on the tracking and denoising of the formants of a linear prediction (LP) model of the spectral envelope of speech and the parameters of a harmonic noise model (HNM) of its excitation. The main advantages of tracking and denoising the prominent energy contours of speech are the efficient use of the spectral and temporal structures of success...

Six paralinguistic information types uttered by three subjects were examined. Considerable changes were observed in duration, pitch, vowel formant, and voice quality. These findings require some reconsideration of the problems in the phrase phonology of Japanese like mora-based timing and phrase-initial pitch movement. On the other hand, lexically specified phonological features were more robus...

To provide new technological benefits to the mass people, nowadays, regional and local language recognition draws attention to the researchers. Similarly to other languages, Bangla speech recognition scheme is demandable. A formant is considered as the resonance frequency of vocal tract. Formant frequencies play an important role for the purpose of automatic speech recognition, due to its noise...

Prediction error filters which combine short-time prediction (formant prediction) with long-time prediction (pitch prediction) in a cascade connection are examined. A number of different solution methods (autocorrelation, covariance, Burg) and implementations (transversal and lattice) are considered. It is found that the F-P cascade (formant filter before the pitch filter) outperforms the P-F c...

introduction: on the importance of the formant frequency, it is enough to say that the first three formants of a vowel and their internal relationships are the major components in detection of vowel type by listener. moreover, the quality of a vowel depends on its factorial frequencies. the main application of measuring factorial frequency is for description of vowel errors because recognizing ...

This paper investigates the first four formant frequencies of 60 normal Malaysian Indian young adults in sustained vowels using acoustical analysis. The F1, F2, F3 and F4 of Malaysian Indian males were reported at 359±87 Hz, 1457±630 Hz, 2799 ±336 Hz and 3777 ± 299 Hz respectively. The F1, F2, F3 and F4 of Malaysian Indian females were reported at 485±172 Hz, 1707±746 Hz, 3081±330 Hz and 4305±2...

This paper proposes a new technique for improving the performance of linear prediction analysis by utilizing a refined version of the autocorrelation function. Problems in analyzing voiced speech using linear prediction occur often due to the harmonic structure of the excitation source, which causes the autocorrelation function to be an aliased version of that of the vocal tract impulse respons...

Speech is a non-stationary signal, with the shape of the vocal tract changing over several pitch periods, and also within the open and closed glottis phases. The effect of these changes is reflected in the locations of the formants which correspond to the resonant frequencies of the vocal tract. To observe these changes, the analysis window should be small enough (relative to a pitch period), a...

This paper analyzes the stability and performance of pitch filters in speech coding when pitch prediction is combined with formant prediction. A computationally simple stability test based on a sufficient condition is formulated for pitch synthesis filters. For typical orders of pitch filters, this sufficient test is very tight. Based on the test, a simple stabilization technique that minimizes...