Glial scar is formed following surgical damage to the cerebral cortex. In the present study we examined the ultrastructural status of the cerebral cortex 14 to 180 days following surgical damage to cerebral parenchyma. The results showed a contribution of astrocytes, but also mesodermal cells, to the process of scar formation. Furthermore, our study showed that the process initiated by trauma d...

Harmful oxidation of proteins, lipids and nucleic acids is observed when reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced excessively and/or the antioxidant capacity is reduced, causing 'oxidative stress'. Nuclear poly-ADP-ribose (PAR) formation is thought to be induced in response to oxidative DNA damage and to promote cell death under sustained oxidative stress conditions. However, what exactly tri...

This study was conducted to evaluate the tissue of liver, gills and kidney Rutillus caspicus exposed to concentrations of 50, 100, 150 mg of Methyl tert-butyl ether, for 7, 14, 21 days. Average water temperature of 19±1 °C, water oxygen of 7.6 ± 0.2 mg/l and zero salinity were measured. A total of 156 fishes were studied in this experiment. In the first, second and third week of the test, three...

The formation of RNA-DNA hybrids, referred to as R-loops, can promote genome instability and cancer development. Yet the mechanisms by which R-loops compromise genome instability are poorly understood. Here, we establish roles for the evolutionarily conserved Nrl1 protein in pre-mRNA splicing regulation, R-loop suppression and in maintaining genome stability. nrl1Δ mutants exhibit endogenous DN...

In an attempt to understand better the molecular basis of chromosome aberration formation, neocarzinostatin (NCS)-induced damage and repair were compared at the chromosome and DNA levels. Chromosome damage and repair in quiescent normal human fibroblasts (PA2 and DET 550) were assayed by the premature chromosome condensation technique in which the G1 prematurely condensed chromosomes are conden...

Radiation is an important source of free radicals in living systems. Ionizing radiations such as γ-rays exert their biological effects through generation of reactive oxygen species and the resultant damage to DNA and cellular membranes. Several natural compounds, especially with antioxidant abilities are known to be radioprotective. Baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxy-2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one), a...

Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer and the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Therefore, a better understanding of DNA damage repair in cells might be helpful to treat cancers. The present study was aimed to investigate the potential interaction between breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and minichromosome maintenance proteins (MCMs) during DNA damage in lung carcinoma A549 cells. The recombina...

S U M M A R Y The formation of narrow, rapidly deforming plate boundaries separating strong plate interiors are integral components of the generation of plate tectonics from mantle convection. The development of narrow plate boundaries requires the interaction of a non-linear rheology and convection. One such non-linear rheology is two-phase damage theory which employs a nonequilibrium relation...

We have examined a panel of 12 unrelated human ovarian cancer cell lines derived from patients who were either untreated or treated with platinum-based chemotherapy to determine whether a relationship is present between cisplatin sensitivity and: (a) cellular platinum accumulation; (b) glutathione levels; (c) platinum-DNA adduct formation; (d) platinum-DNA adduct removal; and (e) platinum-DNA d...

background: treatment of ionizing radiation combined with chemical agents can enhance the inactivation of cells. the aim of this study was to determine the parameters involved in the inhibition of cell recovery. materials and methods: a mathematical model describing the process of recovery as a decrease in the effective radiation dose was used. the model includes two parameters, recovery consta...