Negation, conjunction, and disjunction are major building blocks in the formation of concepts. This article presents a new model-based theory of these Boolean components. It predicts that individuals simplify the models of instances of concepts. Evidence corroborates the theory and challenges alternative accounts, such as those based on minimal descriptions, algebraic complexity, or structural ...

the purpose of this chapter is to formulate the equations of ocean models and to outline solution methods. Global ocean climate models, including those representing mesoscale eddies, are traditionally based on the hydrostatic primitive equations. We nonetheless discuss extensions to the more fundamental non-hydrostatic equations, which are used in certain fine resolution process studies, such a...

This paper introduces a system that processes clinical trials using a combination of natural language processing and database techniques. We process web-based clinical trial recruitment pages to extract semantic information reflecting eligibility criteria for potential participants. From this information we then formulate a query that can match criteria against medical data in patient records. ...

The fragment assembly problem is that of reconstructing a DNA sequence from a collection of randomly sampled fragments. Traditionally, the objective of this problem has been to produce the shortest string that contains all the fragments as substrings, but in the case of repetitive target sequences this objective produces answers that are overcompressed. In this paper, the problem is reformulate...

The art of formulating linear and integer linear programs is, well, an art: It is hard to teach, and even harder to learn. To help demystify this art, we present a set of modeling building blocks that we call “formulettes.” Each formulette consists of a short verbal description that must be expressed in terms of variables and constraints in a linear or integer linear program. These formulettes ...

View update is the problem of translating update requests against a view into update requests against the base data. Previous approaches to view update translation have been mainly focused on studying the conditions under which an exact, unique translation of a view update request exists. The conditions are satissed only by a small class of view updates. The approaches to enumerating possible t...

In this paper, we designed a formal language, called Trane, for describing prediction problems over relational datasets, as well as implemented a system that allows data scientists to specify problems in that language. We show that this language is able to describe prediction problems across many different domains, including those on KAGGLEa data science competition website. We express 29 diffe...

This note contains a discussion about formulating the research problem for Internet research. The goal of this note is to further the discussion of implicit and explicit assumptions in network research. In particular, this note tries to articulate one such set of assumptions for Internet research. Each of these assumptions is shared by some subset of the network research community, though perha...

This paper analyzes the influence of domestic political considerations by disputing governments on the WTO enforcement outcome, following a violation ruling against the defendant. Since a different mix of import or export sectors in the disputing countries will benefit from the alternative enforcement outcomes – compliance, compensation, retaliation, and the status quo, they become competing fo...