abstract Children with a deficit of growth because perinatal malnutrition present specificities in the percentage body fat (%BF) that could not be detected by previous mass-based equations. This study developed and validated predictive equations %BF derived from anthropometric variables children aged 7 to 10 living Northeast Brazil, using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as reference. Bod...

We explored longitudinal effects of a two-generation preschool programme on receptive language scores in children (n = 78) at age 10 years, living with low income. Scores at four time-points, programme intake, exit, age 7, and age 10 years were measured using the Peabody picture vocabulary test (3rd ed.). Effects of culture (Aboriginal, other Canadian-born, and recent immigrant), and gender of ...

In this paper, we investigate the gender gap in education in rural northwest China. We first discuss parental perceptions of abilities and appropriate roles for girls and boys; parental concerns about old-age support; and parental perceptions of different labor market outcomes for girls' and boys' education. We then investigate gender disparities in investments in children, children's performan...

BACKGROUND AND AIM There is a widely held and influential view that physical activity begins to decline at adolescence. This study aimed to identify the timing of changes in physical activity during childhood and adolescence. METHODS Longitudinal cohort study (Gateshead Millennium Study) with 8 years of follow-up, from North-East England. Cohort members comprise a socioeconomically representa...

BACKGROUND Child peer violence is a global problem and seriously impacts health and education. There are few research studies available in Pakistan, or South Asia. We describe the prevalence of peer violence, associations, and pathways between socio-economic status, school performance, gender attitudes and violence at home. METHODS 1752 children were recruited into a cluster randomized contro...

1414 school children (789 boys and 625 girls) residing in east-Tehran, were evaluated for the evidence of goiter. 88% of girls and 71.5% of boys had goiter. In 30% of girls and 17.5% of boys goiter was clearly visible (grade 2 and over). FT4I, FT3I, TSH, and thyroglobulin concentrations were not significantly different in groups with or without goiter. The concentration of iodide in urine was 2...

there is a strong relationship between spiritual development of nursing students and their ability to provide patients with spiritual care. therefore, present research aims to explore spiritual health in nursing students of theilam university of medical sciences, in iran for both boys and girls. spiritual health of students is determined using the palutzian andelisonquestionnaire which consiste...

Previous studies have shown that collegiate level music students are exposed to potentially hazardous sound levels. Compared to professional musicians, collegiate level music students typically do not perform as frequently, but they are exposed to intense sounds during practice and rehearsal sessions. The purpose of the study was to determine the full-day exposure dose including individual prac...

In higher education, one can find many different assessment methods ranging from the most traditional examination based assessment to computer-based on-line assessment and many other innovative assessment practices. Yet, achieving a high level of positive impact of assessment on student learning is always a major concern among academic practitioners. Choosing the right set of assessment modes, ...