There is a requirement for a noninvasive technique to monitor stem cell differentiation. Several candidates based on optical spectroscopy are discussed in this review: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy. These techniques are briefly described, and the ability of each to distinguish undifferentiated from...

Atmospheric particles collected during the ICARTT 2004 field experiment at ground based sites at Appledore Island (AI), New Hampshire, Chebogue Point (CP), Nova Scotia, and aboard the R/V Ronald Brown (RB) were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to quantify organic mass and organic functional groups. Several of these spectra ∗To whom correspondence should be addressed...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: GLPs: Gracilaria Lemaneiformis Polysaccharides; FTIR: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy; GC: Gas Chromatography; HPGPC: High Performance Gel Permeation Chromatography; NK: Natural Killer; IL-2: Interleukin-2; IFN-γ: Interferon-γ; TNF-α: Tumor Necrosis Factor-α; BRM: Biological Response Modifier; ConA: Concanavalin A; LPS: Lipo P...

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in combination with the partial least squares (PLS) multivariative statistical technique was used for quantitative analysis of the poly(beta-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) contents of bacterial cells. A total of 237 replicate spectra from 34 samples were obtained together with gas chromatography-determined reference PHB contents. Using the PLS regression, ...

A new functionalized [60]fullerene-glycidyl azide polymer (C60-GAP) was synthesized for the first time using a modified Bingel reaction of [60]fullerene (C60) and bromomalonic acid glycidyl azide polymer ester (BM-GAP). The product was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) analyses. Results confirmed t...

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy provides a direct, "on-line" monitor of enzymatic reactions. Measurement of enzymatic activity is based on the fact that the infrared spectra of reactants and products of an enzymatic reaction are usually different. Several examples are given using the enzymes pyruvate kinase, fumarase and alcohol dehydrogenase. The main advantage of the infrared m...

Partially phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol (PPVA) with aluminum phosphate (ALPO4) composites was synthesized by solution casting technique to produce (PPVA)(100-y) - (ALPO4)(y) (y = 0, 1, and 2). The surface structure and thermal properties of the films were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the films...

Two Pt-H vibrational bands at 1679 cm(-1) and 1392 cm(-1) observed with 13-atom Pt clusters supported in LTL zeolite by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirms that H atoms bridge two Pt atoms across the edges of the metal cluster. An additional broad absorption band centred near 2200 cm(-1) which exhibits some substructure is assigned to low energy electronic excitations across...

Fourier transform infrared (FTIR)-attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy and viscometry were applied to study the micellization of two bile lipids, sodium taurochenodeoxycholate (NaTCDC) and sodium glycocholate (NaGC), in aqueous solutions. The CH2 stretching bands of the bile lipid hydrocarbon region were shifted to higher frequencies suggesting initial critical micellization at 2.5 mM...

Nanogels of a binary system of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) and poly- (vinyl alcohol) PVA, were successfully synthesized by a novel in situ process. They were also characterized by various analytical tools like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). They were studied for their unique swelling properties in water and d...