The exclusion of inherent process variations in the current deterministic design methods for sheet metal forming can lead to very unreliable result that may cause high scrap rate, frequent rework, machine shut down and thus huge loss of profit. In this paper, a general approach is presented to quantify the uncertainties and to incorporate them into RSM model so as to conduct probabilistic based...

The developers of high aspect ratio components aim to minimize the processing stages in deep drawing processes. This study elucidates the application of microridge punches in multistage deep drawing processes. A microridge punch improves drawing performance, thereby reducing the number of stages required in deep forming processes. As an example, the original eight-stage deep forming process for...

Although deep drawing process in the macro scale are well developed, the known concepts cannot be applied to micro deep drawing through directly scale down the specimen and tooling size due to the so-called size effects. Therefore, tensile test and micro deep drawing experiments were conducted to generate the knowledge for the micro deep drawing process. Stainless steel 304 foils with 4 differe...

based on two-dimensional plane stress and bifurcation functional from hill's general theory in polar coordinate the critical condition for elastic wrinkling of the flange of a circular blank ( the wave number in the flange and wrinkled area) during the deep-drawing process are obtained analyticaly to improve the previous given results. in this analytical study, the elastic limitation of the mat...

Deep drawing of cylindrical shapes with high limiting drawing ratio (LDR) values is relatively difficult. Annealing is a further operation, which in turn adds costs and consumes significantly time to the forming process. In the present work, cylindrical cups from brass sheet were made with only limited anneal during few steps, but having LDR of 9 that is about 2 times higher than previous works...

the aim of this paper is to develop a systematic method to analyze the effects of forming parameters on the quality of part formability and determine the optimal combination of the forming parameters for the sheet hydroforming process. in this paper, the effects of four important process parameters namely fluid pressure, friction coefficient at blank/punch interface, gap between die rim block a...

An electrical plan drawing–sometimes called a wiring diagram or drawing–consists of lines and symbols. Electrical drawings are prepared on 2D architectural floor plans using Computer-Aided Design and/or Drafting (CAD) programs. The placement/drawing power symbols–such as sockets, lights, switches–is the first step an drawing. For this purpose, smart system has been developed in study to automat...

abstracthydroforming process is a deep stretching process only with the difference that a fluid is used instead of the mandrel. this paper investigates the hydroforming process of non-cylindrical and non-spherical geometries using finite element analysis software to calculate the influences of effective process parameters such as the coefficient of friction between the surfaces and the pressure...