A study was conducted to compare the technical potential and effectiveness of different water supply options for securing water availability in a large-scale, interconnected water supply system under historical and climate-change augmented inflow and demand conditions. Part 2 of the study focused on determining the greenhouse gas and renewable energy utilization impacts of different pathways to...

In the early 2000s US gas production was in slow but steady decline despite increasing drilling activity. As US natural gas prices rose in response to the resulting tight market, the only supply-side solution appeared to lie in the development of liquefied natural gas (LNG) projects in the Middle East and Africa for importation to the North American market. Almost unnoticed in its early stages,...

Using a center of gravity model and GIS software, we measured how China’s energy production and consumption centers changed (positions, movements, distances, and rates) from 1997 to 2009, thereby revealing regional differences in the relationship between supply and demand. We found that the centers of gravity for raw coal consumption, crude oil production and consumption, and electricity produc...

This paper is aimed at analyzing the possible power options and configurations for remote locations in the oil and gas industry with the view of proposing a cost effect power supply option suitable for the different operational requirements at these remote locations. It reviews the different power options available and presents selection criteria for the optimum choice of power generation techn...

The production routing problem (PRP) considers the coordination of production, inventory, distribution, and routing decisions in a supply chain. In this work, we focus on production routing in the industrial gas business, where the challenge lies in the simultaneous optimization of complex and power-intensive production plants and highly integrated supply chains with vendor-managed inventory (V...