The majority of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients have gastrointestinal tract involvement, but therapies of prokinetic agents are usually unsatisfactory. Patients are often compromised by the use of steroid; therefore, a surgical indication including fundoplication has been controversial. There is no report that advanced SSc with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is successfully tre...

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common problems in clinical practice today. It is widely believed that functional and structural abnormalities of the gastroesophageal junction as well as an abnormal exposure to gastroduodenal contents are the main contributors to its pathogenesis. Novel findings of the inflammatory process in GERD suggest a far more complex process inv...

30 31 Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common problems in clinical 32 practice today. It is widely believed that functional and structural abnormalities of the 33 gastroesophageal junction as well as an abnormal exposure to gastroduodenal contents are the 34 main contributors to its pathogenesis. Novel findings of the inflammatory process in GERD 35 suggest a far more c...

The Angelchik prosthesis is an antireflux device that was popular in the 1980s for treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We present a patient who developed a gastroesophageal fistula 17 years after Angelchik prosthesis placement. The incidence of late complications continues to grow, and clinicians should consider device malfunction in patients with history of Angelchi...

The clinical manifestations of the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are multiple and heterogeneous, differing according to age and individual susceptibility. The relationship between respiratory manifestations and the gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children is a contro‐ versial topic on: proving or refuting either cause or effect, with special stress on the most important symptom – coug...

The most common extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) include chronic cough, asthma and laryngitis. There are two mechanisms proposed to explain extraesophageal syndromes caused by GERD. The first one is a direct way via irritation and/or microaspiration and the second one is an indirect, vagally mediated way. The investigation of extraesophageal manifestation...

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is part of the so-called extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It is presented by unspecific symptoms and signs and is believed to be caused by the reflux of gastric content to the proximal esophagus and larynx. However, evidence considering the role of the antireflux surgery for LPR has failed to demonstrate results comparable ...