In this communication, we introduce the concept of three dimensional (3D) battery electrodes to enhance the capacity per footprint area for lithium-sulfur battery. In such a battery, 3D electrode of sulfur embedded into porous graphene sponges (S-GS) was directly used as the cathode with large areal mass loading of sulfur (12 mg cm(-2)), approximately 6-12 times larger than that of most reports...

We have established an inflammation-related carcinogenesis model in mouse, in which regressive QR-32 cells subcutaneously co-implanted with a foreign body-gelatin sponge-convert themselves into lethal tumors due to massive infiltration of inflammatory cells into the sponge. Animals were fed with a diet containing 5% or 10% fermented brown rice and rice bran with Aspergillus oryzae (FBRA). In 5%...

OBJECTIVE Millimeter size gelatin sponges are commonly used as an embolic agent for transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). However the preparation of the fragments is troublesome and carries a risk of contamination. The purpose of this study was to develop gelatin sponge millispheres (GSMs), a convenient and reliable agent, and characterize them in vitro. METHOD The size of GSMs was contr...

The imperfections of scaffold materials have been hindering the development of cartilage tissue engineering. AviteneTM UltraFoamTM sponge, known as an active absorbable microfibrillar collagen hemostat (MCH) is an FDA approved medical material for in vivo application. Its safety and efficacy has been clinically tested over 30 years. This study aimed to investigate the application of the MCH spo...

A fast random walk (FRW) algorithm is adapted to compute diffusion-weighted NMR signals in a Menger sponge which is formed by multiple channels of broadly distributed sizes and often considered as a model for soils and porous materials. The self-similar structure of a Menger sponge allows for rapid simulations that were not feasible by other numerical techniques. The role of multiple length sca...

Silicon isotope ratios (expressed as δSi) in marine microfossils can provide insights into silica cycling over geologic time. Here we used δSi of sponge spicules and radiolarian tests from the Paleogene Equatorial Transect (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 199) spanning the Eocene and Oligocene (~50–23 Ma) to reconstruct dissolved silica (DSi) concentrations in deep waters and to examine upper ocean ...