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We describe a method for recovering the camera position and orientation parameters from a single mountain image. It is based on the alignment of the mountain skyline with a synthetic skyline generated from a digital elevation map. Image plane alignment of three image skyline feature points with three model feature points is rst hypothesized and the position and orientation parameters for the hy...

Geographical ranges vary greatly in size and position, even within recent clades, but the factors driving this remain poorly understood. In aquatic beetles, thermal niche has been shown to be related to both the relative range size and position of congeners but whether other physiological parameters play a role is unknown. Metabolic plasticity may be critical for species occupying more variable...

Solar energy is one of the freely available renewable sources of energy and abundant in almost every part of the world. It is the most fundamental among the alternative sources of energy. With a view to collect energy from the sun, it is necessary to predict the sun position relative to the collection device. In this paper, an attempt has been taken to track the exact location of the sun for an...

This document presents an attempt to build a theoretical framework for the spatial analysis of social facts, derived from Tobler’s first law of geography (‘Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things’) and Blau’s theory of macro sociology and multilevel structural analysis. At individual level four basic times of position and interaction are de...

We study how cultural distance affects the rejection of imposed institutions. To this purpose, we exploit the transplantation of Piedmontese institutions on Southern Italy which occurred during the Italian unification. We assemble a novel and unique dataset containing information on episodes of brigandage, a form of violent uprising against the unitary government, at the municipal level. We use...

It is important to understand urban auto markets from a spatial perspective. Specifically, the question of how to simplify and visualize the relatedness of the complicated urban markets arises. Based on the concept of ‘product space’, this research explores the similarity between Chinese cities and identifies the city clusters using data of automobile sales in 2012. A city’s automobile market i...

The objective of this paper is to develop a conceptual model for client-vendor distance in global IS outsourcing relationships as previous research on this issue is scarce. A multi-dimensional construct is deductively developed deploying the theory of psychic distance as a theoretical lens. A key finding is that client-vendor distance in global IS outsourcing relationships is constituted by sev...

This vignette describes gdistance, an R package which provides functionality to calculate various distance measures and routes in heterogeneous geographic spaces represented as grids. Distances are fundamental to geospatial analysis (Tobler 1970). The most commonly used geographic distance measure is the great-circle distance, which represents the shortest line between two points, taking into a...

Offshore software development projects provoke new issues to the collaborative endeavor of software development due to their global distribution and involvement of various people, processes, and tools. These problems relate to the geographical distance and the associated time-zone differences; cultural, organizational, and process issues; as well as language problems. However, existing tool sup...