Probabilistic Hazard Assessment (PHA) provides an appropriate methodology for assessing space weather hazards and their impact on technology. PHA is widely used in geosciences to determine the probability of exceedance critical thresholds, caused by one or more hazard sources. has proved useful with limited historical data estimate likelihood specific impacts. also driven development empirical ...

The emissions of biophotons have been considered a ubiquitous property of living systems and their components. We measured the “spontaneous” photon emissions from fixed whole and sectioned human brains within hyper-dark settings. Significant differences in photon counts were measured from different spatial planes. The flux densities were in the order of 2 × 10−12 W per m2. The right hemispheres...

Geomagnetic indices are basic data in Solar-Terrestrial physics, and for operational Space Weather activities. The International Service of Geomagnetic Indices (ISGI) is in charge of the derivation and dissemination of geomagnetic indices that are acknowledged by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA, an IUGG association). Institutes which are not part of ISGI started...

the daily record of geomagnetic variations at any world location typically shows a multitude of irregular changes in the field that represent the superposition of many spectral components whose amplitudes generally increase with increasing period. it has been a long established fact that variations in ground magnetic records are caused by the dynamo action in the upper atmosphere. these daily v...

The ionospheric sounding data at two southern hemisphere stations, the Argentine Islands and Port Stanley, are analyzed using a method previously developed by the authors. Negative trends of the critical frequency foF2 are found for both stations. The magnitudes of the trends are close to those at the corresponding (close geomagnetic latitude) stations of the northern hemisphere, as considered ...

The relationship between tropical cyclogenesis and solar activity is addressed in this paper, analyzing the relationship between important parameters in the evolution of tropical cyclones as the CAPE, wind shear and relative vorticity, and the Dst geomagnetic index as a parameter of solar activity. The apparent relationship between all this phenomena has a different response depending on the ph...

Space weather driven by solar activity can induce geomagnetic disturbances at the Earth's surface that can affect power transmission systems. Variations in the geomagnetic field result in geomagnetically induced currents that can enter the system through its grounding connections, saturate transformers and lead to system instability and possibly collapse. This study analyzes the impact of extre...