gravity acceleration data have grand pursuit for marine applications. due to environmental effects, marine gravity observations always hold a high noise level. in this paper, we propose an approach to produce marine gravity data using satellite altimetry, high-resolution geopotential models and harmonic splines. on the one hand, harmonic spline functions have great capability for local gravity ...

the basic National horizontal and vertical networks of geodetic control and provides governmentwide leadership in the improvement of geodetic surveying methods and instrumentation, coordinates operations to assure network development, and provides specifications and criteria for survey operations by Federal, State, and other agencies. NGS engages in research and development for the improvement ...

The standard deviation of column ozone from the zonal mean (COSDZ) provides a measure of the longitudinal inhomogeneity in ozone and dynamical wave activities in the atmosphere. Using the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) data, we obtain latitude-season maps of COSDZ that are representative of a dynamically quiet year (1987) and a dynamically active year (1992). The spatial and temporal p...

We present a new statistical method to optimally link local weather extremes to large-scale atmospheric circulation structures. The method is illustrated using July-August daily mean temperature at 2m height (T2m) time-series over the Netherlands and 500 hPa geopotential height (Z500) time-series over the Euroatlantic region of the ECMWF reanalysis dataset (ERA40). The method identifies pattern...

The International Height Reference System (IHRS) adopted by the IAG in 2015 contains two novelties. First, mean-tide system is for handling permanent tide. Second, reference level of height defined equipotential surface where geopotential has a conventional value W0=62636853.4 m2s-2. This was first determined empirically to provide good approximation global mean sea and then as convention. I an...

In the original LARES mission the general relativistic Lense–Thirring effect would be detected by using as observable the sum of the residuals of the nodes of the existing passive geodetic laser-ranged LAGEOS satellite and of its proposed twin LARES. The proposed nominal orbital configuration of the latter one would reduce the systematic error due to the mismodelling in the even zonal harmonics...

High-resolution measurements from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) radio occultation (RO) provide atmospheric profiles with independent information on altitude and pressure. This unique property is of crucial advantage when analyzing atmospheric characteristics that require joint knowledge of altitude and pressure or other thermodynamic atmospheric variables. Here we introduce and demo...