Geographic information systems (GIS) have developed in response to a range of needs, and provide highly structured environments for working with particular classes of information. The environment and structure of a GIS is defined by its data model; the paper reviews the basic data models of GIS. The needs of discrete transportation modeling have led to a number of extensions of the basic data m...

Geospatial data inform decision makers. An economic model that involves application of spatial and temporal scientific, technical, and economic data in decision making is described. The value of information (VOI) contained in geospatial data is the difference between the net benefits (in present value terms) of a decision with and without the information. A range of technologies is used to coll...

In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the usage of geospatial data, not only by the scientific community but also by the general public. Considering the diverse and heterogeneous nature of geospatial applications around the world and their inter-dependence, there is an impending need for enabling sharing of semantics of such content-rich geospatial information. Geospatial on...

Finding relevant geospatial information is increasingly critical because of the growing volume of geospatial data available within the emerging "Big Data" era. Users are expecting that the availability of massive datasets will create more opportunities to uncover hidden information and answer more complex queries. This is especially the case with routing and navigation services where the abilit...

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Agriculture plays an essential role in restructuring and country planning. However, the agricultural world is under economic pressures that affect the efficiency of landowners. To ensure good productivity, the farmer needs his land to be spatially well organised and well equipped. To use the agricultural land most efficiently, it is important first to understand the area by collecting together ...

The need for more cost-effective, accurate and efficient methods of using geospatial information has been around a long time. However, development of GIS software solutions and information technologies enabled the distribution, access and manipulation of geospatial data over the Web. In this paper is represented a new access to geospatial data and the possibility of integrating geospatial data ...

The sorites paradox is ranked among the top ve paradoxes of philosophy (Sainsbury, Paradoxes, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1995). It is simply stated as ‘what is a heap’. Deriving from the paradox is a de nition of vagueness, which is contrary to the Boolean concept of the world implicit in much geographical teaching and thought, and the representation of geographical informa...