I n recent years, seemingly frequent examples of problems related to the integrity of authorship and publication have plagued the medical literature. These issues have been primarily related to the appropriateness of authorship (including ghostwriting and so-called " guest authorship " of manuscripts), duplicate publication of articles, plagiarism, scientific misconduct in the form of falsifica...

Authorship attribution assigns works of contentious authorship to their rightful owners solving cases of theft, plagiarism and authorship disputes in academia and industry. In this paper we investigate the application of information retrieval techniques to attribution of authorship of C source code. In particular, we explore novel methods for converting C code into documents suitable for retrie...

Gift-giving involves both the objective value of a gift and the symbolic meaning of the exchange. The objective value is sometimes considered of secondary importance as when people claim, "It's the thought that counts." We evaluated when and how mental state inferences count in gift exchanges. Because considering another's thoughts requires motivation and deliberation, we predicted gift givers'...

This paper presents a two-player, psychological game-theoretic model of gift giving where emotions matter. Beliefs enter directly into players’ payoff functions. Surprise, disappointment, embarrassment and pride arise from comparing players’ beliefs about the gift they will give or receive to the actual choice of gift. Depending on beliefs and the cost of the gift, a gift-giving, a non-gift-giv...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate evidence about authorship issues and provide synthesis of research on authorship across all research fields. METHODS We searched bibliographical databases to identify articles describing empirical quantitive or qualitative research from all scholarly fields on different aspects of authorship. Search was limited to original artic...

collaboration networks are the basis of development of social knowledge domains. a co-authorship network includes a set of people connected to each other because of their cooperation in publication of articles and thus create a huge graph.this study has analyzed co-authorship papers of civilica, islamic world science citation center (isc), scientific information database (sid) and science direc...

In this paper, we investigate how social comparison information about referent others (i.e., learning what similar others do, and how they are treated) affects reciprocal relationships. Using three-person gift-exchange games, we study how employees’ reciprocity towards an employer is affected by pay comparison information (what co-workers earn) and effort comparison information (how co-workers ...

Three studies investigated how subliminally primed thoughts of an agent prior to action can aVect ascriptions of authorship for that action. Participants competed against a computer program to remove words from a computer screen. Participants reported greater feelings of authorship when primed with Wrst person singular pronouns, and lower feelings of authorship when primed with “computer.” We a...