Few studies have made direct estimates of the energy required for ion transport in gills of freshwater (FW) and seawater (SW) fish. Oxygen consumption was measured in excised gill tissue of FW-adapted cutthroat trout ( Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) to estimate the energy cost of NaCl transport in that osmoregulatory organ. Ouabain (0.5 mM) and bafilomycin A1 (1 μM) were used to inhibit the Na+-K+...

Procedures were developed to isolate basolateral membrane vesicles (BLMV) from gill, hepatopancreas, and antennal gland of intermolt freshwater crayfish, Procambarus clarkii. Individual procedures involved a discontinuous sucrose gradient (gill), a 65% sucrose cushion (hepatopancreas), or differential centrifugation (antennal gland). BLMV were visualized, characterized (37°C), and tested for os...

Expression profiles of claudin-6, -10d and -10e in the euryhaline teleost fish Tetraodon nigroviridis revealed claudin-6 in brain, eye, gill and skin tissue, while claudin-10d and -10e were found in brain, gill and skin only. In fishes, the gill and skin are important tissue barriers that interface directly with surrounding water, but these organs generally function differently in osmoregulatio...

A radioligand-binding assay was established for eel atrial natriuretic peptide (eANP), and ANP receptors were characterised in the eel gill. ANP binding to the gill membrane fraction was saturable with increasing ligand concentrations and was specific to ANP peptides, i.e. eANP, ventricular natriuretic peptide (VNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). A Scatchard analysis revealed a single cl...

The ability to reverse the net direction of gill ion transport in response to a salinity change is critical for euryhaline teleosts and involves a complex cellular and molecular remodelling of the gill epithelium. The present study aimed to clarify the cellular localisation and exact quantitative inter-relationship of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase alpha- and beta-subunit transcripts in Atlantic salmon gill...

determination of metal levels in muscle, liver and gill of common carp ( cyprinus carpio ) species caught from shirinsu wetland was done using icp-oes. the mean level of cu, pb and zn in muscle, liver and gill of fish were 0.01±0.002, 0.015±0.003, 0.007±0.001; 0.13±0.005, 0.006±0.001, 0.62±0.11 and 0.26±0.008, 0.009±0.002, 0.53±0.10 μg g −1 , respectively. metal levels in muscle were generally ...

This study evaluated the ectoparasite distribution on the gill archs of pond-reared pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887), hybrid patinga (P. mesopotamicus female x P. brachypomus (Cuvier, 1817) male), hybrid tambacu (Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816) female x P. mesopotamicus male) and hybrid surubim (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum female x P. corruscans Spix & Agassiz, 1829 male). A t...

Gas exchange across fish gills is reviewed and the respiratory and cardiovascular changes associated with exercise and hypoxia described. Heart rate is controlled by inhibitory vagal cholinergic activity which increases during hypoxia and decreases during exercise. Stimulation of receptors on the first gill arch during hypoxia initiates bradycardia. The increase in stroke volume during hypoxia ...

Artificial oscillation imposed onto the gill arches could modify the respiratory rhythm in the carp Cyprlnus carpio. The degree of modification depended upon the frequency and amplitude of the applied movement. Oscillation at frequencies close to the spontaneous respiratory rhythm and at amplitudes in the range of 2-3 mm resulted in a cyclic pattern of lengthening and shortening of the breathin...

In the aquatic environment, despite the presence of constitutive or enhanced antioxidant defence systems, increased levels of oxidative damage will occur in organisms exposed to contaminants that stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species. The increased ROS production and subsequent oxidative stress has been associated with a pollutant-mediated mechanism of toxicity in fish organs. The...