ــــ There are some great innovations in egovernment during the past decade, and there is intense competition between some governments and leaders in the supply of services on the internet. Some countries do not want to stay behind in this area, where many governments have developed detailed strategies to realize the e-government systems, but there is a problem facing these governments which la...

A fundamental requirement for making sustainable improvements to rural infrastructure is a clear understanding of who will finance maintenance and capital improvements. In the past the question of financing rural roads has centered primarily on the role of governments. Given the acute scarcity of financial and human resources in most developing countries, there are simply too many kilometers of...

"Fend-for-yourself federalism" as opposed to "new federalism" is the term now used to more precisely describe the federal government's policies that are presently impacting small local governments. It isn't that rural communities are being ignored; on the contrary, they are recognized as a vital link in carrying out national policy. A third of the nation's population lives in communities with 2...

Effective e-government is becoming an important aim for many governments around the world. Within this context this paper aims to review and reorganize the previous work about e-government such as: e-government definition, types, advantages and barriers to e-government. It provides essential background knowledge to the research subject, as well as highlighting the main concepts of e-government.

the Administrator to the Congress of the United States. Washington, D.C., December 1990. This estimate excludes environmental activities not directly associated with pollution control or cleanup, such as wildlife conservation and land management. The $100 billion estimate covers spending by private business (63.0%), local governments (22.5%), the Federal government (11.0%), and state government...

Distributive politics models often predict that legislators will demand inefficiently large projects, with inefficiency increasing in the number of districts, and that this will translate into larger projects and higher spending. The relationship between efficiency and legislature size is often referred to as the ‘‘law of 1/n’’(Weingast, Shepsle, and Johnsen 1981). We demonstrate that the ‘‘law...

In this chapter, the authors examine the criteria to use in assessing the success of e-government projects. Through an empirical enquiry based on case studies of e-government projects by Tunisian government agencies, they found that the interviewees distinguish between the project management success and the success of the deliverable. This empirical enquiry also revealed that the interviewees h...

US conscription in the Civil War is analyzed. Conscription was designed to gain federal control of enlistments, leaving state and local governments much of the fiscal and administrative responsibility for raising troops. Due to the hiring of substitutes, the payment of a fee to avoid service (commutation), and community-provided funds, only 2% of those who served were conscripted. Theory sugges...

Every government is seeking to provide the best services to its country to achieve efficiency and accepted performance. This goal could be achieved by improving the service performance of the entire sectors in society. Billions of dollars was invested by governments in order to undertake their first step towards implementing the e-Government project and specially implementing the best methodolo...

The science of evaluating the complex indoor air pathway is evolving. The following Ecology and Environment, Inc memo summarizes the different and sometime divergent approaches taken by the federal and state governments to evaluate the pathway. Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation is presently developing a policy for the evaluation of the indoor air pathway that is appropriate for co...