Our effort towards the attainment of high performance devices has yielded several devices with total-area conversion efficiencies above 16%, the highest measuring 16.8% under standard reporting conditions (ASTM E892-87, Global 1000 W/m’). The first attempts to translate this development to larger areas resulted in an efficiency of 12.5% for a 16.8~cm2 monolithically interconnected submodule tes...

We determine the characters of the simple composition factors and the submodule lattices of certain Weyl modules for classical groups. The results have several applications. The simple modules arise in the study of incidence systems in finite geometries and knowledge of their dimensions yields the p-ranks of these incidence systems.

Let $G$ be a group with identity $e$. $R$ $G$-graded commutative ring and $M$ graded $R$-module. In this paper, we introduce the concept of classical strongly 2-absorbing second submodules modules over rings. A number results concerning these classes their homogeneous components are given.

the submodules with the property of the title ( a submodule $n$ of an $r$-module $m$ is called strongly dense in $m$, denoted by $nleq_{sd}m$, if for any index set $i$, $prod _{i}nleq_{d}prod _{i}m$) are introduced and fully investigated. it is shown that for each submodule $n$ of $m$ there exists the smallest subset $d'subseteq m$ such that $n+d'$ is a strongly dense submodule of $m$...

We describe the structure, including composition factors and submodule lattices, of cross-characteristic permutation modules for the natural actions of the orthogonal groups O± m(3) with m ≥ 6 on nonsingular points of their standard modules. These actions together with those studied in [2] are all examples of primitive rank 3 actions of finite classical groups on nonsingular points.

Motivated by the construction of Steenrod cup-i products in singular cochain algebra a space and non-commutative differential forms, we define category binomial cup-one graded algebras over integers prime fields positive characteristic. The Hirsch identities bind cup-product, product, package that further enhance with ring structure arising from integer-valued rational polynomials. This allows ...

Let $M$ be a module over a commutative ring $R$ and let $N$ be a proper submodule of $M$. The total graph of $M$ over $R$ with respect to $N$, denoted by $T(Gamma_{N}(M))$, have been introduced and studied in [2]. In this paper, A generalization of the total graph $T(Gamma_{N}(M))$, denoted by $T(Gamma_{N,I}(M))$ is presented, where $I$ is an ideal of $R$. It is the graph with all elements of $...