The present work elaborates the process design methodology for the evaluation of the distillation systems based on the economic, exergetic and environmental point of view, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The methodology proposes the Heat Integrated Pressure Swing Distillation Sequence (HiPSDS) is economic and reduces the GHG emissions than the conventional Extractive Distillation Sequence (...

Research Needs: Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transportation sector account for about 27% of the total GHG emissions in the United States. Due to increased travel demand and limited improvement in fuel efficiency, the GHG emissions from transportation have increased by 16% since 1990 (USEPA, 2015). About 80% of transit buses are currently powered by diesel engines, which are a primary...

The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) is a multi-state plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from electric power plants in a 10 state region in the northeastern US that extends from Maine to Maryland. The compliance period for the Initiative started January 1, 2009 and was preceded by two auctions of CO2 emission allowances. RGGI is the first mandatory market based program in the US t...

Green House Gas (GHG) emissions from corporate activities are gradually becoming a mainstream management issue for businesses. The GHG Protocol Scope 3 Corporate Standard has been adopted as the international standard to report a corporation’s overall emission profile of their value chain activities. Through Scope 3 Corporate Standard, companies can recognize potential emissions and associated ...

This study elucidated the shadow price of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for 1,024 international companies worldwide that were surveyed from 15 industries in 37 major countries. Our results indicate that the shadow price of GHG at the firm level is much higher than indicated in previous studies. The higher shadow price was found in this study as a result of the use of Scope 3 GHG emissions data...

This paper considers the implications of population growth and urbanization for climate change. It emphasizes that it is not the growth in (urban or rural) populations that drives the growth in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions but rather, the growth in consumers and in their levels of consumption. A signifi cant proportion of the world’s urban (and rural) populations have consumption levels that ...

Although many cities are engaged in efforts to calculate and reduce their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, most are accounting for “scope one” emissions i.e., GHGs produced within urban boundaries (for example, following the protocol of the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives). Cities should also account for the emissions associated with goods, services and materials consum...

Agriculture is a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. The growing global population is putting pressure on agricultural production systems that aim to secure food production while minimising GHG emissions. In this study, the GHG emissions associated with the production of major food commodities in India are calculated using the Cool Farm Tool. GHG emissions, based on farm ma...

The Greenhouse gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation (GREET) model incorporated fuel economy and electricity use of alternative fuel/vehicle systems simulated by the Powertrain System Analysis Toolkit (PSAT) to conduct a well-to-wheels (WTW) analysis of energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Based on PSAT simulations of ...

The estimation of energy uses and corresponding greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) from the nuclear energy chain by Storm van Leeuwen J.W. and Smith P. (last available version: SvLS 2005) is often quoted especially by nuclear opponents who question the characteristic of nuclear energy to be near GHG-free. SvLS guesstimate relatively high to very high energy requirements and hence corresponding CO2 ...