The passage of national climate policy legislation has proven elusive in the United States. In one of the leading efforts, in 2009, the US House of Representatives passed the American Clean Energy and Security Act. Although the legislation did not become law, it would have established targets for the reduction of domestic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and achieved them primarily through a cap-...

Most prior studies have found that substituting biofuels for gasoline will reduce greenhouse gases because biofuels sequester carbon through the growth of the feedstock. These analyses have failed to count the carbon emissions that occur as farmers worldwide respond to higher prices and convert forest and grassland to new cropland to replace the grain (or cropland) diverted to biofuels. By usin...

The proposal discussed in this paper is to levy a common charge on all emissions of greenhouse gases, worldwide. All countries would be covered in principle, but the proposal could be implemented with a much smaller number of countries, provided they covered most of the emissions. While all greenhouse gases should in principle be covered, this paper will address mainly carbon dioxide, quantitat...

The Brazilian Amazon is one of the most rapidly developing agricultural areas in the world and represents a potentially large future source of greenhouse gases from land clearing and subsequent agricultural management. In an integrated approach, we estimate the greenhouse gas dynamics of natural ecosystems and agricultural ecosystems after clearing in the context of a future climate. We examine...

INTRODUCTION U.S. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions rose 16 percent between 1990 and 2004, while those from light-duty vehicles rose 23%. (EPA 2006) During the same period, GDP increased 51% (BEA 2005) and VMT rose 37% – more than doubling the nation’s population increase. (Davies et al. 2007 and EPA 2006) While GHGs are on the rise, public policy can result in substantial energy savings. U.S. Cor...

ABSTRACT: Most energy used to operate agricultural machines in the field is generated from fossil fuel combustion. The combustion process emits atmospheric pollutants, increasing emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs). In this context, review discuss technologies for mitigating diesel engine GHG emissions advance sustainable development machinery sector. This paper presents strategies and widely a...

Environmental issues have become increasingly important in the political arena, particularly with growing concern over the "greenhouse effect", a potential global climatic warming caused by increases in anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. The United States alone accounts for 25% of the worldwide emissions of C02, the most important of the greenhouse gases. The generation of electric po...

Separation of slurry produces a solid fraction that is stored in manure heaps before being used as a fertiliser in crop production. Considerable amounts of ammonia (NH3) and greenhouse gases may be emitted during storage, which has deleterious environmental effects. The emission levels can be expected to depend on oxygenation level inside the bulk of the stored manure and therefore on storage c...

Global climate change is one of the most important issues of contemporary environmental safety. A scientific consensus is forming that the emissions of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane, from anthropogenic activities may play a key role in elevating the global temperatures. Quantifying soil greenhouse gas emissions is an essential task for understanding the a...

Historically, scenarios have served multiple uses for climate-related research and decisionmaking. Scenarios provide an essential scientific method for exploring possible future climatse change and its impacts. They also help inform consideration of decisions regarding mitigation and adaptation. Over the last several decades, the climate change research community has produced two widely-used se...