Recent work on Drosophila has provided new insights into how insulin signalling - conserved in mammals, flies and worms - regulates growth and cell division during development. Invertebrates have been found to possess more insulin-like ligands than predicted, some of which behave as receptor antagonists.

THis careful and detailed history of neuro-anatomical thinking sets present-day concepts in their historical context and fulfils a useful function. As one might expect from the title of the book, the subdivisions are anatomical and the author reviews descriptions of the basal ganglia and diencephalon, the 'olfactory brain' and the cerebral convolutions and fissures from the time of Galen to the...

The title I was given for this contribution implies that a definitive statement can be made about the hormonal control of the growth of pigs. Any such expectation must be dismissed at the outset for there is enough debate about how pigs grow to prevent it, let alone how the neuroendocrine system controls it. Nevertheless, if we are to establish food requirements, solve the problems of assessing...

The title I was given for this contribution implies that a definitive statement can be made about the hormonal control of the growth of pigs. Any such expectation must be dismissed at the outset for there is enough debate about how pigs grow to prevent it, let alone how the neuroendocrine system controls it. Nevertheless, if we are to establish food requirements, solve the problems of assessing...

Cell division, intuitively, is often dependent upon increases in cellular mass and volume. Less obvious is the reciprocal regulation of growth by the cell division cycle. In budding yeast, this link is mediated by the cell-cycle-dependent polarization of actin.

Transport infrastructure evolves over time in a complex process as part of a dynamic and open system including travel demand, land use, as well as economic and political initiatives. As transport infrastructure changes, each traveler may adopt a new schedule, frequency, destination, mode, and/or route, and in the long term may change the location of their activities. These new behaviors create ...

Due to the limited regenerative ability of neural tissue, a diverse set of biochemical and biophysical cues for increasing nerve growth has been investigated, including neurotrophic factors, topography, and electrical stimulation. In this report, we explore optogenetic control of neurite growth as a cell-specific alternative to electrical stimulation. By investigating a broad range of optical s...

In order to investigate the effect of growth media and nutrition method on the growth of Bellis perennis L. and nutrients uptake, a factorial experiment was conducted with two factors: growth media (municipal waste compost, Azolla compost, tea wastes compost) and nutrition method (without fertilizer, soil application, foliar spray) in comparison to the control medium (60% soil + 20% manure + 10...