QEMU [1] is a system emulator that can run unmodified guest operating systems on a host OS, where the guest and host CPU architecture can be different. For example, QEMU can run x86 guest OSes on a MIPS host, or even x86 on x86 (e.g., a Windows guest on a Linux host). QEMU emulates a complete system including processors, devices, and chipsets. More implementation details regarding QEMU are avai...

Hardware virtualization in the x86 architecture has enabled the use of virtual machine monitors in Beowulf clusters. In turn, each application user can then run a virtual guest operating system of his/her choice. Of course virtualizing and sharing the hardware resources in a Beowulf cluster will add additional overheads that may negatively effect performance of the application. However, the use...

Clathrate hydrates are typically stabilized by suitably sized hydrophobic guest molecules. However, it has been experimentally reported that isomers of amyl-alcohol C5H11OH can be enclosed into the 5(12)6(4) cages in structure II (sII) clathrate hydrates, even though the effective radii of the molecules are larger than the van der Waals radii of the cages. To reveal the mechanism of the anomalo...

Growth rate of a hydrate layer at the guest/liquid-water interface is analyzed considering the conjugate process of the mass-transfer and hydrate crystal growth. Hydrate-layer growth rate data in the literature are often compiled according to the system subcooling (∆T ≡ Teq − Tex, where Teq is the equilibrium dissociation temperature of the hydrate and Tex is the system temperature), suggesting...

The introduction of photoactive guest molecules into a spin crossover 3D metal organic framework alters the switchable properties both host and guest.

Hyperbranched polymers are obtained through one-step polymerization reactions and exhibit properties that are very similar to those of perfect dendrimer analogues. Therefore, hyperbranched polymers are a suitable alternative for perfect dendrimers as building blocks for dendritic nanocarrier systems. With regard to using soluble hyperbranched polymers as carrier systems, their flexible chains a...

In this study, we examine the swapping pattern occurring between two external guest molecules, N2 and CO2, and crystalline (sI and sII) CH4 hydrate. For sI methane hydrate, the spectroscopic result shows that N2 molecules mainly attack CH4 molecules occupying small cages while CO2 molecules play an active role in replacing most of CH4 molecules in large cages. In the other case for sII and sH m...

Gas storage/separation is a typical application of porous materials such as metal organic frameworks (MOFs). The adsorption/separation behavior results from the host-guest and/or guest-guest interaction and equilibration (host, porous material; guest, adsorbates). Although the driving forces for gas adsorption have been investigated, a detailed picture of interactions between gas molecules and ...

The self-organizational properties of DNA have been used to realize synthetic hosts for protein encapsulation. However, current strategies of DNA-protein conjugation still limit true emulation of natural host-guest systems, whose formation relies on non-covalent bonds between geometrically matching interfaces. Here we report one of the largest DNA-protein complexes of semisynthetic origin held ...

Code sandboxing is useful for many purposes, but most sandboxing techniques require kernel modifications, do not completely isolate guest code, or incur substantial performance costs. Vx32 is a multipurpose user-level sandbox that enables any application to load and safely execute one or more guest plug-ins, confining each guest to a system call API controlled by the host application and to a r...