abstract: background and aim:  micro-ultrasonic tips are similar to hand instruments in their clinical application of subgingival scaling.  in spite of their favorable results, excessive penetration of mini-insert ultrasonic scalers to the bottom of gingival pocket may cause harmful effects. the aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of root instrumentation with gracey curettes ...

asphaltene instability is one of the major problems in gas injection projects throughout the world. numerous models have been developed to predict asphaltene precipitation; the scaling equation is an attractive tool because of its simplicity and not involving complex properties of asphaltene. in this work, a new scaling model is presented to account  for asphaltene precipitation due to gas inje...

introduction: corrosion and scaling of water in distribution systems in spite of imposing economic and aesthetic problems can lead to adverse effects on consumers' health. the present study was conducted to evaluate the corrosion and scaling of water distribution system of sarableh city (ilam, iran) during summer and winter seasons in 2014. materials and methods: totally, 60 samples of wat...

background & aims of the study: corrosion and scaling play undesirable effects on transmission and distribution system of drinking water. the aim of this study was to assess the corrosion and scaling potential of drinking water resources in babol city, iran. materials and methods: totally, 54 water samples were collected from 27 wells in spring and autumn. calcium hardness, ph, total alkalinity...

abstract scaling methods, which are based on similar media theory, are used to simplify the statistic description of soil spatial variations. to simulate the water flow in heterogeneous soils, simultaneous scaling of soil hydraulic functions, including soil water retention and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity functions, is highly desirable. in the similar media theory, the simultaneous scalin...

Spinal Injury had been described initially as “an ailment not to be treated”. The management was revolutionized during the second world war by Sir Ludwig Guttman and Sir George Bedbrook. They were able to demonstrate that if properly managed these patients can lead a near normal life style. Numerous Spinal injury centres were subsequently established in developed countries. However in the devel...

Chromatography and electrophoresis are the most common techniques available for the separation of mixtures. For the analysis of large molecules, capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) was not introduced until the late 1980s, well after most chromatographic techniques. Guttman et al.,1 Cohen et al.,2 and Kasper et al.,3 all independently, combined the principles of slab gel electrophoresis with the...