Background: Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is a prevalent across the world and major health concern linked to crowding that occurs during Hajj season. Objectives: To identify how Streptococcus pyogenes among Umrah visitors pilgrims by comparing its presence before after perform hajj. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on visitors/pilgrims, for which their throat swabs were take...

This study had three objectives: firstly, it aimed to examine an appropriate model for preventing and controlling the risk of meningococcal disease as a result of an epidemic carrying by returning pilgrims at Hat Yai International Airport; secondly, it aimed to establish the number of meningococcal carriers among pilgrims returning from Saudi Arabia; thirdly, it considered the health problems t...

every year, millions of moslems depart to saudi arabia from more than one hundred countries around the world for paying to hajj precept. high percentages of these pilgrims suffer from an influenza-like illness (ili). this study was designed and conducted on 32370 iranian pilgrims (36% of total number of iranian pilgrims) to evaluate the incidence of the illness and determination of influenza va...

sporadic serogroup C ET-24 strain. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of 66 N. meningitidis isolates representing serogroups A, B, C, W135, Z, and Y were diverse, with nine different sequences among the NMW135 isolates. Finally , all four recent NMW135 isolates had identical NheI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns distinct from patterns seen in other NMW135 isolates. All these molecular ...

BACKGROUND Diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infections (RTI) in a mass-gathering situation such as hajj is a medical challenge that requires quick decision-making and considerable knowledge about its etiology and treatment methods. High prevalence of RTI during Hajj and tendency of caravan physicians to treat of patients quickly in such situation lead to prescription of parenteral s...

The 2000 Hajj (March 15-18) was followed by an outbreak of Neisseria meningitidis W135 2a: P1.2,5 in Europe. From March 18 to July 31, 2000, some 90 cases of meningococcal infection were reported from nine countries, mostly the United Kingdom (UK) and France; 14 cases were fatal. Although most early cases were in pilgrims, the outbreak spread to their contacts and then to those with no known pi...

The road safety is one of the serious challenges faced by most of the governments due to the involvement of various issues. Being perfect in driving is not enough on the roads but tackling the mistakes of other persons is also an important aspect of the present day driving. Dealing with the accidents, injured personals, communicating the emergency services and dealing with other legal formaliti...