Saudi Arabia (SA) experienced two large invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) outbreaks during the 2000 and 2001 Hajj pilgrimages. In 2002, polysaccharide quadrivalent ACWY vaccines became mandatory for Mecca and Medina pilgrims/residents older than two years. This study aimed to analyse IMD surveillance data among citizens, residents and pilgrims in SA from 1995 to 2011, focusing on changes bef...

results predictors of anxiety were observed in 22 women (20%). moreover, 34 women (30.9%) were diagnosed from normal to abnormal, 3 (2.72%) had depression signs, and 22 (20%) showed symptoms of borderline symptoms of depression. conclusions considering the high frequency of anxiety disorder among women with vaginal bleeding in hajj, gynecological consultation seems essential for women during ha...

BACKGROUND Hajj pilgrimage, in Saudi Arabia, is one of the world's largest religious mass gatherings. We have similar mass gathering scenarios in India such as the Amarnath Yatra and Kumbh. A unique combination of physical, physiological, and psychological factors makes this pilgrimage a very stressful milieu. We studied the emergence of psychopathology and its determinants, in this adverse env...

Harvard School of Dental Medicine (HSDM) estimates that nearly 25 percent of its predoctoral dental students have expressed an interest in global health, including traveling abroad to conduct research or to volunteer in a project. This article addresses the important differences between "voluntourism" (combined volunteering and tourism) and responsible engagement in global health, reports on a ...

BACKGROUND Every year more than 2 million people depart from Iran to Saudi Arabia for Hajj ritual whichcan be faced with some different diseases. There are not much information about frequencies and trend of diseasesin Hajj. The main objective of this study was to determine the trend of prevalent diseases during five consecutiveHajj rituals among Iranian pilgrims. METHODS We established a spe...

The outbreak of COVID-19 has placed the world in a crisis like no other, which significant impact on lives people and travel industry. Due to increasing number cases, this situation may also affect pilgrims for annual Hajj Umrah mass gatherings as it can spread infectious diseases between host community. Therefore, study aims determine pilgrimage’s risk perception regarding issues, contribute p...


 Covid 19 that hit Indonesia in 2020 has created quite a big problem the lives of Indonesian people. Large-scale social restrictions have new problems economic life society. This also an impact on service and management Hajj Umrah Indonesia. The main faced by managers is there no departure implementation rituals due to corona virus (covid 19). To see this prioritizing priority scales maki...