Exclusion cages were used to compare the incidence and severity of feeding injury from brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), on ‘Redhaven’ peaches, ‘Golden Delicious’ apples, and ‘Smoothee Golden’ apples at harvest, following sequential periods of exposure to natural H. halys populations during the 2011 and 2012 growing seasons in Virginia. The fruit us...

The regulation of intracellular pH (pHi) is a fundamental aspect of cell physiology that has received little attention in studies of reef-building corals and symbiotic cnidarians. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that dynamic changes in the pHi of coral host cells are controlled by the photosynthetic activity of the coral's dinoflagellate symbionts. Using live cell imaging and the pH-sensit...

Intraperitoneally injected rRNA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa combined with dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DDA) increased nonspecifically the resistance of mice against an intraperitoneal challenge with extracellular (P. aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) and intracellular (Listeria monocytogenes) bacteria. This study concerns the mechanism underlying the nonspecific resistance. RNA with DDA (RN...

The Southeast Alaska Coastal Monitoring (SECM) project has been sampling juvenile salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) and associated biophysical parameters in northern Southeast Alaska (SEAK) annually since 1997 to better understand effects of environmental change on salmon production. A pragmatic application of the annual sampling effort is to forecast the abundance of adult salmon returns in subsequen...

Phosphate (Pi) and its analog phosphite (Phi) are acquired by plants via Pi transporters. Although the uptake and mobility of Phi and Pi are similar, there is no evidence suggesting that plants can utilize Phi as a sole source of phosphorus. Phi is also known to interfere with many of the Pi starvation responses in plants and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). In this study, effects of Phi on pl...

We empirically address the question of how stock prices respond to changes in demand. We quantify the relations between price change G over a time interval Deltat and two different measures of demand fluctuations: (a) Phi, defined as the difference between the number of buyer-initiated and seller-initiated trades, and (b) Omega, defined as the difference in number of shares traded in buyer- and...

The locus of all points in the complex plane of the dielectric function ?[?(r) + j?(i) = |?| exp(jtheta)], that represent all possible interfaces characterized by the same pseudo-Brewster angle theta(p)B of minimum p reflectance, is derived in the polar form: |?| = l cos(zeta/3), where l = 2(tan(2)Phi(p)B)k, zeta = arccos(- costheta cos(2)Phi(p)B/k(3)), and k = (1 - 2/3 sin(2)Phi(p)B)(1/2). Fam...

We study the cutting and packing C&P problems in two dimensions by using phi-functions. Our phi-functions describe the layout of given objects; they allow us to construct a mathematical model inwhich C&P problems become constrained optimization problems. Herewe define for the first time a complete class of basic phi-functions which allow us to derive phi-functions for all 2D objects that are fo...