During the Middle Ages it was widely believed that the various mental faculties-sensation, cognition, memory, and so forth-were each located in a specific part of the three ventricles that were thought to be housed in the brain. The origin of this scheme was commonly attributed to the ancient scholars, but it was rare for a specific individual to be identified as the originator. Modern research...

BACKGROUND In patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels are increased. We studied whether the cardiac ET-receptor system is altered in CHF patients. METHODS AND RESULTS We assessed ET-evoked inositol phosphate (IP) formation in slices from right atria and left ventricles from 6 potential heart transplant donors (NFH) and 15 patients with end-stage CHF; in me...

The mechanisms by which the vertebrate brain develops its characteristic three-dimensional structure are poorly understood. The brain ventricles are a highly conserved system of cavities that form very early during brain morphogenesis and that are required for normal brain function. We have initiated a study of zebrafish brain ventricle development and show here that the neural tube expands int...

Tachycardia increases oxidation of the plasma-borne long chain fatty acids in the heart. The aim of the present study was to examine effect of tachycardia on: 1) the total level of free fatty acids, diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols and phospholipids in both heart ventricles; 2) (14)C-palmitate incorporation in the lipid fractions; 3) expression of fatty acid and glucose transporters in the ven...

Cilia lining the surfaces of the brain ventricles may be responsible for the graded distribution of chemorepellents that drive the directed migration of neurons.

Insertion of valved tubes connecting the cerebral ventricles and the heart is now the method of choice for dealing with progressive hydrocephalus in children. About 1,000 of these operations are performed yearly in the United Kingdom. The general results of this treatment are being studied in a number of centres and it is too early to express conclusions about it. It seems useful, however, to p...

Anatomically corrected malposition of great arteries (ACMGA) is a rare form of congenital heart disease in which the great arteries arise above the anatomically correct ventricles but have abnormal spatial relationship. We report the case of a 26-year-old female with ACMGA and tunnel type of subaortic obstruction. The abnormal relationship and segmental arrangement necessitates systematic appro...

The aim: Studying the features of structure and function heart in athletes identifying factors that influence development these changes. Materials methods: study included 54 athletes, 29 men 25 women. ultrasound was performed according to standard methods with determining size main structures heart, indicators normalized body surface area, height. Results: dilatation hypertrophy left ventricula...