Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can heat up tumor tissues and induce killing of cancer cells under external AC magnetic field. However, magnetic nanoparticles hyperthermia (MNPH) requires high concentration of MNPs that are injected into the tumor in order to obtain clinically needed thermal dose because of the complicated heat transfer in vivo and the limited heat quality of MNPs. To cut down th...

Leishmania donovani are the causative agents of kala-azar in humans. They undergo a developmental program following changes in the environment, resulting in the reversible transformation between the extracellular promastigote form in the sand fly vector and the obligatory intracellular amastigote form in phagolysosomes of macrophages. A host-free differentiation system for L. donovani was used ...

Starvation during early development can have lasting effects that influence organismal fitness and disease risk. We characterized the long-term phenotypic consequences of starvation during early larval development in Caenorhabditis elegans to determine potential fitness effects and develop it as a model for mechanistic studies. We varied the amount of time that larvae were developmentally arres...

In the nucleus, transcription factors must contend with the presence of chromatin in order to gain access to their cognate regulatory sequences. As most nuclear DNA is assembled into nucleosomes, activators must either invade a stable, preassembled nucleosome or preempt the formation of nucleosomes on newly replicated DNA, which is transiently free of histones. We have investigated the mechanis...

The non-Fourier effect in heat conduction is important in strong thermal environments and thermal shock problems. Generally, commercial FE codes are not available for analysis of non-Fourier heat conduction. In this study, a meshless formulation is presented for the analysis of the non-Fourier heat conduction in the materials. The formulation is based on the symmetric local weak form of the sec...

In order to determine whether or not a crucial number of DNA replications are prerequisite for cellular differentiation, we have studied development of a tissue-specific enzyme, muscle acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the presumptive muscle cells of cleavage-arrested ascidian embryos. Embryos were cleavage-arrested with cytochalasin B (an inhibitor of cytokinesis) and aphidicolin (an inhibitor of...

Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is a key event in the development and progression of atherosclerotic lesions. Accumulating evidence suggests that lipoprotein lipase (LPL) produced in the vascular wall may exert proatherogenic effects. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of LPL on VSMC proliferation. Incubation of growth-arrested human VSMCs with purified endo...

basic understanding of the process of coolant heat transfer inside an engine is an indispensable prerequisite to devise an infallible cooling strategy. coolant flow and its heat transfer affect the cooling efficiency, thermal load of heated components, and thermal efficiency of a diesel engine. an efficient approach to studying cooling system for diesel engine is a 3d computational fluid dynami...

in this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model has been developed to simulate the laser-tig hybrid welding (hlaw) of stainless steel 1.4418 with thickness of 4 mm. transient temperature profile and dimensions of the fusion zone and heat affected zone (haz) during welding process are calculatedusing finite element method (fem) and were solved in the abaqus/standard software.the heat sou...