OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether a secular trend in growth occurred during the last century in Pygmies from Cameroon (West Pygmies) and in Bantu rural farmers, the latter being studied to serve as controls. DESIGN The evolution in height of West Pygmies and Bantu farmers from 1911 to 2006 was evaluated using data from the literature as well as data gathered by our re...

[1] Observations of likely fluvial channels on the surface of Titan, along with Titan’s geologically youthful surface, motivate this study of comparative fluvial erosion rates on Titan and the Earth. The roles of bedload abrasion, suspended load abrasion, plucking, and cavitation are considered. Despite orders of magnitude differences in some of the physical parameters that control fluvial inci...

We present a method to analyze the streaming sound output of a real acoustic violin and infer the control inputs used by the musician. In particular, we extract the following parameters: which note was played, which string it was played on, whether the instrument was bowed or plucked and the location of the bowing or plucking point from a discrete set. The approach we use, pattern classificatio...

In contrast to the dynamic and striking changes in hair follicle (HF) morphology during the anagen and catagen phases of the hair cycle, the telogen follicle appears static. However, it has been argued that the quiescent appearance of telogen HFs is deceptive (Davis 1962, Stenn, Paus 2001, Higgins, Westgate 2009). For example, the expression of some genes clearly peaks during telogen (Greco, Ch...

dark and deep, but the shallow, sunlit edges are where most of the cichlids live. Brown or green Eretmodus algae scrapers, covered with blue spots, thrive among the breaking waves; the turbulent water pushes their rounded backs onto the rock surfaces instead of pulling them off. These fish nip algae off the rocks with their chisel-like teeth. Their neighbors the Tanganicodus insect pickers also...