This paper investigates the relationship between total energy consumption and GDP in six countries of the Middle East , including Iran,Pakistan,Saudi Arabia,Oman,Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates. The data are annual and spanning the period 1980-2012.We employed Hsiao’s (1981) methodology to examine causality relation between total energy consumption and GDP.The empirical findings show a uni...

Department of Chemistry, King Fahd Unive Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia Center of Research Excellence in Corrosio Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran 31261, Saudi sa; Fax: +966-13-8603996; Tel: +966-13-860 Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Halla 1WB, UK Corrosion & Protection Centre, School of M 9PL, UK Department of Biology, King Fahd Univer Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia † Electronic supplementary inform...

Middle East countries have begun to implement economic reforms to stimulate private investment, promote economic growth and support the transition to market economy. Although, it is difficult to define the direct impact of the accounting system reform on economic transformation, as there are many other conditions that have influence on the transition process. However, with the central position ...

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has shown great commitment and support in past 10 years towards the higher education and transformation of manual governmental services to online through web. As a result number of university and egovernment websites increased but without following the proper accessibility guidelines. Due to this many disable peoples may not be fully benefited the contents available on u...

Background: Poisoning cases occur universally and have plagued mankind since antiquity. Keeping this in view, this study was contemplated to find the comparative overview of poisoning in India and Saudi Arabia to knows how the racial and cultural factors influence the pattern of poisoning. Material and Methods: A systematic web based search was conducted and original studies on poisoning publis...

1Department of Paediatrics; 2Department of Internal Medicine; 3Department of Infection Prevention and Control, King Abdulaziz Medical City, King Fahad National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Correspondence to Z.A. Memish: [email protected]). 4Department of Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 5Department of Microbiology, Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia. ...

CONTEXT Respiratory physiotherapy plays a key role in the management and treatment of patients with respiratory diseases worldwide, yet this specialty is not well established in Saudi Arabia. AIMS To profile the attitudes among physicians and nurses toward physiotherapists working in respiratory care settings in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted...

The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of living in Saudi Arabia on expatriate employees and their families' behavioural cardiovascular risk factors (BCVRFs), and to examine the association between changes in BCVRFs and metabolic syndrome (MetS). A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1437 individuals, aged ≥ 18 years, from King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We used the Worl...

OBJECTIVE The risk of transmitting hepatitis B virus from donors who are positive for hepatitis B core antibody but negative for hepatitis B surface antigen has been a major concern in liver transplantation. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia the overall prevalence of hepatitis B core antibody among the general population was reported to be very high indeed. The purpose of this study is to establis...

In December, 2015, Saudi Arabia reported a US$98 billion budget deficit (about 15% of gross domestic product [GDP]) in 2015 with no improvement projected for 2016. Saudi Arabia has been resilient during oil price fluctuations in the past, so the new government budget came as a surprise. The new spending plan reflects several measures to curb subsidies, raise revenue, and improve healthy lifesty...