Particle size reduction is a simple means to enhance the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble BCS-class II and IV drugs. However, the major drawback of this process is the possible introduction of process induced disorder. Drugs with different molecular arrangements may exhibit altered properties such as solubility and dissolution rate and, therefore, process induced solid state modificatio...

In this paper the concept and first evaluation of the control principle of the MicroAssistant is presented. The MicroAssistant is an interactive surgical robot system to support the surgeon in microsurgical interventions especially in middle ear surgery. During those interventions the surgeon is often confronted with very small and sensitive structures. This fact conflicts with the exhausting m...

one of the disadvantages of conventional milling tools is to produce a large amount of heat in cutting zone and so making the tool warmer. as a result, the tool would be worn and its life time would be reduced. therefore, in long time machining, it is essential to change inserts and tools, continiously. a milling tool with self rotary cutting inserts was designed and manufactured that enables i...

the objective of this study was to evaluate different pistachio hullers and determine the proper harvest time of pistachio nuts for hulling. three pistachio hulling machines (helical drum, helical- blade drum, rubber drum) at three harvest times and 15 days interval were evaluated. the hulling efficiency, percentage of damaged nuts, faulty hulled nuts and unhulled nuts were measured at each tim...

Hole drilling in Ti6Al4V titanium alloy is challenging due to its poor machinability resulting from high-temperature strength and low thermal conductivity. Therefore, an evaluation of the helical milling process carried out by comparing thrust force, surface roughness, machining temperature, burr size, hole diametrical accuracy with conventional process. The results indicate advantage terms low...

Ti Grade 2 was prepared by cryogenic attritor milling in liquid nitrogen and liquid argon. Two types of milling balls were used—stainless steel balls and heavy tungsten carbide balls. The effect of processing parameters on particle size and morphology, contamination of powder and its microhardness was investigated. Milling in liquid nitrogen was not feasible due to excessive contamination by ni...

This paper introduces a Shuffled Frog-Leaping Algorithm based method for the optimization of machining parameters for milling operations. An objective function based on maximum profit in milling operation has been used. The algorithm is compared with others techniques and outperforms the results reached by standard shuffled frogleaping algorithm, differential evolution, particle swarm optimizat...

Up to the present not many papers or discussions on milling in this country have been compiled, and it is hoped tiiat this paper may tend to promote future discussions upon a subject which is highly important to the Sugar Industry. . Further, it is riot the intention of the writer to boost anyone make of machinery, and although he may touch on one or two units in particular by name, it is his d...

We provide a brief overview of the first techniques for direct, real-time observation of mechanochemical reactions by milling. Whereas mechanisms and kinetics of solid-state reactions induced by temperature or pressure have been extensively investigated, transformations of materials under continuous impact in a milling assembly remain largely unexplored and based on ex situ studies. The recent ...

A method and apparatus are presented for five-axis NC milling process simulation and dimensional verification. An algorithm is utilized which employs a dexel representation of the workpiece and milling tool to reduce the complexity of the solid representation and associated Boolean operations. This representation is exploited to obtain high computational efficiency which affords real-time visua...