The prognosis of patients affected by myelofibrosis (MF) is usually dismal and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the only cure. The number of HSCTs in MF patients has recently increased. However, a major obstacle is still represented by primary graft failure (PGF). Currently there are no definitive guidelines for the treatment of PGF and a second HSCT can be perf...

Background: There is a worldwide effort to present novel approaches for the development of tolerance-induction treatments in regenerative medicine, after years of investigation in clinical transplantation. Particularly, novel approaches are based on controlling the immune response, including the application of biomaterials or imitation of antigen-specific peripheral tolerance in either solid-or...

We aimed to analyze characteristics of encephalopathy after both hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ pediatric transplantation. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 662 pediatric transplant recipients (201 with liver transplantation [LT], 55 with heart transplantation [HT], and 67 with kidney transplantation [KT], 339 with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [HSCT])...

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) has been increasingly used in the treatment of malignant and nonmalignant hematopoietic diseases [1]. Patients with malignant diseases that cannot be controlled by conventional means or in whom treatment failure is expected are candidates for allo-HSCT [2,3]. AlloHSCT is a highly aggressive and demanding medical therapy that profoun...

Fatigue is a commonly reported symptom of patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Fatigue in the HSCT recipient has multiple possible causes, including deconditioning, anemia, and medications. Regardless of the cause, fatigue impacts patients' well-being, ability to reintegrate into their normal lifestyle, physical recovery from transplantation, and overall s...

Mycosis Fungoides is typically an indolent disease in early stages. However, approximately 30% of patients have advanced staged disease at presentation and 20% will develop it at some time. These patients have a poorer prognosis with a median survival of 2-4 years. The only curative option for mycosis fungoides may be hematopoietic allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We report the case of a p...

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) includes a diverse set of conditions ranging from high-grade aggressive to more indolent low-grade disease. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has a valuable role in the management of these conditions and can provide long-term remission in selected cases. This article presents the current use of allogeneic and autologous HSCT in a number of subtypes of NHL.

Pulmonary infections often complicate hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) outcome. Uncommon aetiologies, like Mycobacterium tuberculosis, should be considered when the clinical conditions do not fully improve with standard antimicrobial therapy and microbiological evaluations are repeatedly negative for bacteria and fungi. We describe an interesting pediatric case of miliary lung tub...

Osteopetrosis is a rare hereditary disease that develops as result of genetic mutations leading to impaired development and function osteoclasts. There are several forms osteopetrosis differ in the type inheritance (autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant intermediate) severity symptoms. The main clinical manifestations frequent pathological fractures, anemia, thrombocytopenia, infectious compl...

Cord blood transplantation (CBT) from an unrelated donor has been increasingly used as an alternative transplant method for adult patients without human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-compatible related or unrelated donors. However, the main disadvantage of CBT is still the limited cell dose, especially in adults, and this might contribute to a higher incidence of graft failure and delayed hematopoiet...