BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Patients with unilateral significant carotid artery stenosis present with a variable intracranial hemodynamic status. In the majority of patients, hemodynamics are normal because of sufficient collateral flow. One subgroup shows poor ipsilateral hemodynamics because of a severely reduced blood supply, whereas in another subgroup of patients a steal phenomenon from the con...

background: aneurysm is a blood-filled bulge in the wall of vessels that occurred in abdominal aortic and cerebral vessels. the dilation of artery leads to aneurysm. methods: three dimensional modelling was utilized for a patient with cerebral aneurysm and a normal subject, and additional fluid-structural interaction simulation was performed. we consider pulsatile blood velocity as inlet, and b...

Laparoscopic surgeries have become popular and are now widely used in gynecological procedures due to their minimally invasive nature. CO2 is create the pneumoperitoneum facilitate laparoscopic surgery. Pneumoperitoneum different positions can adverse effects on hemodynamics. Most of system human body affected including Cardiovascular pulmonary leading various complications. Complications inclu...

Hemodynamics in sepsis change as sepsis develops. Initial hemodynamics of sepsis often are much different from later stages of sepsis, shifting from low cardiac output states to high cardiac output states. Tissue oxygenation also changes with initial mixed venous oxyhemoglobin (Svo2) or central venous oxyhemoglobin (Scvo2) levels below normal, with later stages reflecting high values. These cha...

Blood is a two-phase suspension of formed elements (i.e., red blood cells [RBCs], white blood cells [WBCs], platelets) suspended in an aqueous solution of organic molecules, proteins, and salts called plasma. The apparent viscosity of blood depends on the existing shear forces (i.e., blood behaves as a non-Newtonian fluid) and is determined by hematocrit, plasma viscosity, RBC aggregation, and ...

B eginning the renal physiology section with a detailed consideration of renal microvascular dynamics allows a smooth transition from cardiovascular-related topics to kidney-related topics. In addition, reductions in renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are often associated with many pathophysiological conditions including hypertension, renal failure, heart failure, and d...

• Large animals have been used on numerous occasions by investigators pioneering in the field of cardiovascular research. The first recorded measurement of arterial blood pressure was made in the horse by Stephen Hales in .1733. Cardiac catheterization was first performed in a horse by Chauveau and Marey in 1861. One of the earliest applications of the Fick principle to the measurement of cardi...

Clinical and hemodynamic manifestations of overt right ventricular infarction differ markedly from those that involve injury confined exclusively to the left ventricle. However, the frequency of covert right ventricular infarction and its influence on overall enzymatically estimated infarct size, hemodynamics and prognosis have not been characterized. Accordingly, 249 patients with transmural a...

Coronary blood flow was measured by the nitrous oxide method, and cardiac output was measured by the Fick principle, in a series of 31 human subjects with the clinical diagnosis of angina pectoris. Coronary arteriography was carried out on the same subjects as a part of the same procedure, and the extent and severity of the coronary artery lesions was determined. A numerical value was assigned ...