Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) hit the Earth's atmosphere with energies exceeding 10(18)eV. This is the same energy as carried by a tennis ball moving at 100 km h-1, but concentrated on a subatomic particle. UHECRs are so rare (the flux of particles with E>10(20)eV is 0.5 km -2 per century) that only a few such particles have been detected over the past 50 years. Recently, the HiRes and...

introduction: nowadays, due to mechanization of life, consumers need of food which they spent little time for preparation, so fresh cut industry is growing rapidly in the world. these products had strong growth since 1940, and in 2013, most sales of fresh cut fruit related to apples, against 21.8 percent. minimal processing operations include grading, washing, sorting, slicing, chopping and the...

The quality of pressure distribution over the atmosphere of the sea level and geopotential altitude at different atmosphere layers affect on many climate and meteorology phenomena of the earth surface. One of the important meteorology phenomenon is the occurrence of frost phenomenon especially late spring frost. In this surrey, occurring late spring frost days and minimum temperature during the...

Fresh-cut leafy vegetable has an image as a healthy, nutritious, and delicious product. However, the product still faces challenge of quality retention short shelf life, especially in tropical climate regions. Enzymatic browning fresh-cut vegetables is considered one most important attributes limiting life The hurdle approach using commercial vacuum precooling combination with modified atmosphe...

Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is used to extend the shelf life of ground meats by altering the gas atmosphere surrounding the meat. This study evaluated how deep MAP bactericidal effects penetrate into a ground meat patty. Patties made from freshly ground turkey breasts were subjected to 2 MAP treatments of high CO(2) (97%) or high O(2) (80% O(2), 20% CO(2)). Total plate and lactic acid b...

Purpose of review: Enzymatic browning of fruits and vegetables during postharvest handling and processing degrades the sensory properties and nutritional value and discourages consumer purchase of fresh-cut products. Consequently, enzymatic browning results in significant economic losses for the fresh produce industry. This paper discusses the biochemistry of enzymatic browning, and focuses on ...

A number of mechanisms have been proposed to explain the phenomenon of frequency aging in the rubidium atomic clock. Helium permeation is one such mechanism. Briefly, the four millitorr of helium in the Earth’s atmosphere can permeate into the resonance cell, changing the clock frequency via the pressure shift of the 0-0 hyperfine transition. On orbit, any He in the resonance cell would permeat...