Background: Handwriting dysfunction may harm children’s wellbeing. Therapists and elementary school teachers help to identify and improve childrenchr('39')s handwriting performance. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between therapistschr('39') assessment and teacherschr('39') perception of handwriting performance in first graders. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved (...

BACKGROUND Hypnosis has been used clinically for hundreds of years and is primarily a phenomenon involving attentive receptive concentration. Cognitive science has not fully exploited hypnosis and hypnotic suggestion as experimental tools. This study was designed to determine whether a hypnotic suggestion to hinder lexical processing could modulate the Stroop effect. METHODS Behavioral Stroop...

Cognitive scientists distinguish between automatic and controlled mental processes. Automatic processes are either innately involuntary or become automatized through extensive practice. For example, reading words is a purportedly automatic process for proficient readers and the Stroop effect is consequently considered the "gold standard" of automated performance. Although the question of whethe...

This study uses a moving windows self-paced reading task to assess text comprehension of beginning and intermediate-level simplified texts and authentic texts by L2 learners engaged in a text-retelling task. Linear mixed effects (LME) models revealed statistically significant main effects for reading proficiency and text level on the number of text-based propositions recalled: More proficient r...

Dual language children enter school with varying levels of proficiencies in their first and second language. This study of Latino children of immigrants (N = 163) analyzes their dual language profiles at kindergarten and second grade, derived from the direct assessment of Spanish and English proficiencies (Woodcock Language Proficiency Batteries-Revised). Children were grouped based on the simi...

Current assays for screening new antimalarials need initiators of beta-hematin formation that require laborious preparation, special devices, and substrates. In this study, based on reduction of heme absorption in beta-hematin formation, we developed a simple colorimetric assay using Tween 20 as an initiator and a microplate reader for high-throughput screening of inhibitors of beta-hematin for...

In the present study, by means of private letters, memoirs, as well school registry forms, we focus on aristocratic children’s language education: what languages did they with whom study them, methods and for purpose – whether at home or in school. After 1867, aristocracy retained its multilingual facility. The daughters family typically continued studying home, guided foreign governesses Hunga...