We compared three self-rating scales (the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Zung Scale, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) with three examiner-rating scales (the Hamilton Rating Scale, the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale-Depression, and the Cornell Scale), to see which was best for 40 elderly (mean age 80 years) stroke patients, 17 of whom were depressed acco...

selective estrogen receptor modulators (serms) such as raloxifene have already shown beneficial effects on negative, positive and general psychopathology symptoms in postmenopausal women with schizophrenia. the purpose of the present investigation was to assess the efficacy of raloxifene as an adjuvant agent in the treatment of men with chronic schizophrenia in an 8-week double-blind and placeb...

Postural instability is one of the hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate and analyze objectively the effect of different sensory and motor components on postural instability in PD and to determine the validity of using different scales as the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Push and Release test as val...

BACKGROUND The Bipolar Depression Rating Scale is an instrument to measure depression severity in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder. This study has reevaluated the psychometric values of the Bipolar Depression Rating Scale through assessing an Iranian sample of patients with bipolar depression. METHODS A total of 60 patients (36 males and 24 females) with bipolar depression referred to...

Industry-wide, there is a trend toward making outcome evaluation a routine part of therapeutic services. Although various multidimensional assessments of outcome are valid and reliable, their methodological complexity, length of administration, and cost often render them infeasible for many service providers and settings. The present article describes the development and validation of an ultra-...

We propose a relative estimation method for subjective age, imaged by ourselves, using peoples’ facial images and their chronological (real) age. We experimented with a rating scale for facial images which stimulated subjects. The subject evaluated an image as looking older than themselves with a range of responses. Finding an approximation curve of this range, the zero crossing point in the ap...

Objective The study was conducted to determine the perceptions of nurses regarding spirituality and spiritual care. Design This descriptive‐type study was carried out in three hospitals in a province in the west of Turkey. The study’s population was made up of 733 nurses working in these hospitals and the sample consisted of 289 nurses who agreed to take part in the study. The data were collect...

objective: conners adult adhd rating scale (caars) is among the valid questionnaires for evaluating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. the aim of this paper is to evaluate the validity of the estimation of missed answers in scoring the screening version of the conners questionnaire, and to extract its principal components. method: this study was performed on 400 participants. a...

abstract   background: osteoarthritis (oa) is the most common joint disease occuring after middle age. because of the high mobility of the neck, oa is common in the cervical spine. the purpose of this study was to determine and compare the effects of intermittent traction on patients with mild and moderate cervical oa. therefore, 32 patients with cervical oa were recruited.   methods: aclinical...

background : the purpose of this study was to determine reliability and construct validity of a persian version of the gastrointestinal symptoms rating scale (gsrs) in 2 samples of patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (fgid) and healthy persons. materials and methods : the clinical sample consisted of 143 patients diagnosed with fgid who were referred to the psychosomatic disorde...