As Europe ages, the proportion of people who work will decline unless older individuals remain in the labor force. Such reform could be part of a more general redistribution of work. If a greater share of the population worked, then the average number of hours worked per week could be reduced. This could particularly help younger people and increase Europe's low birth rates. The challenges faci...

In a study of 142 Japanese men from a cross-section of the workforce of a technology development company, we found that the percentage of CD56+ cells was inversely correlated with the number of hours worked per week. A low CD56+ cell percentage was associated with longer weekly working hours and shorter daily sleeping hours.

Part one of this series investigated the adequacy of current models used to forecast bed demand. This part explores the issues surrounding the correct level of occupancy required to deliver effective and safe health care. Economy of scale as explained by queuing theory is a significant factor in understanding bed occupancy. However, irrespective of the occupancy specific to different sized hosp...

Identification of patients colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and subsequent isolation and decolonization is pivotal to the control of cross infection in hospitals. The aim of this study was to establish if early identification of colonized patients using rapid methods alone reduces transmission. A prospective, cluster, two-period cross-over design was used. Seven...

The Covid-19 outbreak has resulted in new patterns of home occupancy, the implications which for indoor air quality (IAQ) and energy use are not well-known. In this context, present study investigates 8 flats London to uncover if during a lockdown, (a) IAQ monitored deteriorated, (b) window operation by occupants changed, (c) more effective ventilation could enhance without significant increase...

Smart homes of the future will have a number of different types of sensors. What types of sensors and how they will be used depends on the behaviour needed from the smart home. Using the sensors to automatically determine if a home is occupied can lead to a wide range of benefits. For example, it could trigger a change in the thermostat setting to save money, or even a change in security monito...

Therapeutic benefits from nociceptin opioid peptide receptor (NOP) antagonism were proposed for obesity, eating disorders, and depression. LY2940094 ([2-[4-[(2-chloro-4,4-difluoro-spiro[5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-7,4'-piperidine]-1'-yl)methyl]-3-methyl-pyrazol-1-yl]-3-pyridyl]methanol) is a novel, orally bioavailable, potent, and selective NOP antagonist. We studied NOP receptor occupancy (RO) after...

BACKGROUND Platelet deposition and aggregation are central to the pathogenesis of ischemic complications of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Pharmacodynamic effects of the platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist eptifibatide have been delineated in healthy subjects but not in patients with ACS. We assessed effects of eptifibatide on ex vivo platelet aggregation in patients enrolled in the Plat...

Timely access to safe hospital care remains a major concern. Target bed-occupancy rates have been proposed as a measure of the ability of a hospital to function safely and effectively. High bed-occupancy rates have been shown to be associated with greater risks of hospital-associated infection and access block and to have a negative impact on staff health. Clinical observational data have sugge...