AbstraeL We consider efficient ways of determining the sensitivity of a product to changes in individual factors. The task is motivated by several interesting combinatorial and numeric problems which can be given a unified formulation as the problem of findi.n~ the (associative) product of N objects. Both deterministic and probabilistic changes to the factors are considered. Algorithms for two ...

Lossless compression of a progression of symbols is a decisive part of data and signal compression. Huffman coding is lossless in nature; it is also generally utilized in lossy compression as the eventual step after decomposition and quantization of a signal. In signal compression, the disintegration and quantization part seldom manages to harvest a progression of completely autonomous symbols....

Scanning or soft keyboards display symbols to be selected when highlighted in an order. People with disabilities use these interfaces to compose text by using one or two input actions. We present a reverseHuffman algorithm (RHA) that extracts a representative latent probability distribution from a soft keyboard design and evaluates and compares it with other designs using the Jensen-Shannon Div...

Can one choose a good Huffman code on the fly, without knowing the underlying distribution? Online Slot Allocation (OSA) models this and similar problems: There are n slots, each with a known cost. There are n items. Requests for items are drawn i.i.d. from a fixed but hidden probability distribution p. After each request, if the item, i, was not previously requested, then the algorithm (knowin...

The strength of the inferences and conclusions that Huffman (2014) makes regarding the effectiveness of extensive reading (ER) relative to intensive reading (IR) at developing reading rate is excessive, and not valid considering the limitations of the methodology of his study. Huffman provides evidence of the effectiveness of ER in developing learners’ reading speed. When measuring reading spee...

Usage of Image has been increasing and used in many applications. Image compression plays vital role in saving storage space and saving time while sending images over network. A new compression technique proposed to achieve more compression ratio by reducing number of source symbols. The source symbols are reduced by applying source symbols reduction and further the Huffman coding is applied to...

A simple parallel algorithm for decoding a Huuman encoded le is presented , exploiting the tendency of Huuman codes to resynchronize quickly in most cases. An extention to JPEG decoding is mentioned.

The JPEG standard technique involves three process mapping reduces interpixel redundancy, quantization, which is lossy process and entropy encoding, which is considered lossless process. Lossy JPEG compression is commonly used image compression technique. In the present paper a new hybrid technique has been introduced by combining the JPEG algorithm and Symbol Reduction Huffman technique for ac...

Lossy JPEG compression is a widely used compression technique. Normally the JPEG technique uses two process quantization, which is lossy process and entropy encoding, which is considered lossless process. In this paper, a new technique has been proposed by combining the JPEG algorithm and Symbol Reduction Huffman technique for achieving more compression ratio. The symbols reduction technique re...

One of the most successful natural language compression methods is word-based Huffman. However, such a two-pass semi-static compressor is not well suited to many interesting real-time transmission scenarios. A one-pass adaptive variant of Huffman exists, but it is character-oriented and rather complex. In this paper we implement word-based adaptive Huffman compression, showing that it obtains v...