Immunotoxins are a group of protein-based therapeutics, basically comprising two functional moieties: one is the antibody or antibody Fv fragment that allows the immunotoxin to bind specifically to target cells; another is the plant or bacterial toxin that kills the cells upon internalization. Immunotoxins have several unique features which are superior to conventional chemotherapeutics, includ...

introduction: as monoclonal antibodies are potential tools for characterization of soluble or cellular surface antigens, use of these proteins has always been considered in infertility and reproduction research. therefore, in this study, monoclonal antibodies against human sperm surface antigens were produced. material and methods: to produce specific clones against human sperm surface antigens...

background: the affinity of an antibody to its antigen is a crucial parameter in its biological activity and performance of an immunoassay such as elisa. affinity of most igg specific mabs are often determined by methods which require labeling of either antigen or antibody, and are sometimes difficult to control, do not always lead to the expected signal and often result in immunological modifi...

Objective: To compare immunogenicity of a recombinant hepatitis B (HB) vaccine in two groups of neonates born in two cities of Iran with different geographic and ethnic backgrounds.   Materials and Methods: Ten micrograms of a recombinant HB vaccine was administered under field condition to Iranian healthy neonates at 0, 1.5 and 9 months intervals. The subjects consisted of two groups of 290 an...