MicroRNAs are 21- to 24-nucleotide-long, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They can modulate various biological processes, including plant response and resistance fungal pathogens. Hops grown for use in brewing industry and, recently, also pharmaceutical industry. Severe Verticillium wilt caused by phytopathogenic fungus nonalfalfae, is ma...