Objective: To develop Two simple, specific, accurate and precise methods for determination of calcium dobesilate (CD) in the presence of its impurity and / or degradation product namely hydroquinone (HQ). Methods: Method A is an extended ratio subtraction one (EXRSM), while method B is a HPTLC-densitometric one using benzene: methanol: ethyl acetate: sodium lauryl sulphate (7: 2.5: 2: 0.05 v/v/...

Biodegradation of para-Nitrophenol (PNP) proceeds via two distinct pathways, having 1,2,3-benzenetriol (BT) and hydroquinone (HQ) as their respective terminal aromatic intermediates. Genes involved in these pathways have already been studied in different PNP degrading bacteria. Burkholderia sp. strain SJ98 degrades PNP via both the pathways. Earlier, we have sequenced and analyzed a ~41 kb frag...

Chronic exposure of humans of benzene affects hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and leads to aplastic anemia. The stromal macrophage, a target of benzene toxicity, secretes interleukin-1 (IL-1), which induces the stromal fibroblast to synthesize hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors. In a mouse model, benzene causes an acute marrow hypocellularity that can be prevented by the concomita...

The persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes employing heterogeneous photocatalysts to generate sulfate radicals (SO4•?) from peroxydisulfate ion (PDS, S2O82?) have been extensively investigated remove organic pollutants. In this work, BiOX (X = Cl, Br, and I) were activate PDS enhance the transformation rate of various substances under UV (398 nm) Vis (400–700 radiation. For BiOCl BiOBr, ...

Abstract p -Nitrophenol (PNP) is an important environmental pollutant and can causes significant health risks. Compared with the traditional methods, biodegradation a useful one to completely remove harmful pollutants from environment. Here, engineered strain was first constructed by introducing PNP pathway via hydroquinone (HQ) into Escherichia coli . In BL-PNP, degraded β-ketoadipate subseque...

A LysR-type transcriptional regulator (LTTR), PnpR, has previously been shown to activate the transcription of operons pnpA, pnpB, and pnpCDEFG for para-nitrophenol (PNP) degradation in Pseudomonas sp. strain WBC-3. Further preliminary evidence suggested the possible presence of an LTTR additional binding site in the promoter region of pnpCDEFG. In this study, an additional LTTR PnpM, which sho...

Background: Melasma is a common acquired skin disorder that presents as bilateral, blotchy, brownish facial pigmentation due to dysfunction in melanogenesis. It most people who tans easily or have naturally brown (Fitzpatrick’s phototypes III, IV). Although several treatments are currently used, it remains great challenge. Aim: This study aims compare the efficacy of intradermal injection trane...

A tyrosinase-directed therapeutic approach for treating malignant melanoma uses depigmenting phenolic prodrugs such as 4-hydroxyanisole (4-HA) for oxidation by melanoma tyrosinase to form cytotoxic o-quinones. However, in a recent clinical trial, both renal and hepatic toxicity were reported as side effects of 4-HA therapy. In the following, 4-HA (200 mg/kg i.p.) administered to mice caused a 7...

Hydroquinone (HQ) is an important industrial chemical that also occurs naturally in foods and in the leaves and bark of a number of plant species. Exposure of laboratory animals to HQ may result in species-, sex-, and strain-specific nephrotoxicity. The sensitivity of male F344 versus female F344 and Sprague-Dawley rats or B6C3F1 mice appears to be related to differences in the rates of formati...

With the rapid development of global economy, there is an ever-growing demand for energy. The excessive use of traditional fossil fuel exposes the human to multiple environmental issues. As a promising technology, thermochemical conversion of biomass is able to provide not only environmental-friendly substitute fuel, but also other value-added chemicals. However, the complex composition and poo...