The zona pellucida (ZP) is a specialized extracellular matrix surrounding the developing oocyte. This thick matrix consists of various types of glycoprotein that play different roles in the fertilization process. Nowadays, several techniques are available for assessing ZP's mechanical response. The basic assumption behind these methods is that the ZP behaves like an elastic body: hence, dissipa...

In this article, a parallel computer program is implemented, based on Finite Element Method, to speed up the analysis of hollow circular cylinders, made from Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs). FGMs are inhomogeneous materials, which their composition gradually varies over volume. In parallel processing, an algorithm is first divided to independent tasks, which may use individual or shared da...

This paper describes the characterization of interfacial properties bonded dissimilar materials for fabrication biocompatible composites and functionally graded (FGMs) with high mechanical performance. In development biomaterials conflicting such as strength toughness artificial bone, much attention has been paid to FGMs consisting ceramics metals. Their are influenced by interfaces materials, ...

Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) offer discrete or continuously changing properties/compositions over the volume of parts. The widespread application FGMs was not rapid enough in past due to limitations manufacturing methods. Significant developments technologies especially Additive Manufacturing (AM) enable us nowadays manufacture materials with specified changes volume/surface components....

Flexible polyurethane foam is widely used in numerous applications such as seats and mattresses, due to its low stiffness and its ability to absorb deformation energy. The main objective of this paper is to model the quasi-static mechanical behavior of three types of polyurethane foam in large deformation and to compare these three foams with three proposed models. The uniaxial compression/ dec...

We consider hyperelastic stored energy functions in Rn×n that are isotropic. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the ellipticity of such functions. The present article is essentially a review of recent results on the subject.

Many rubber like materials present a phenomenon known as Mullins effect. It is characterized by a difference of behavior between the first and second loadings and by a permanent set after a first loading. Moreover, this phenomenon induces anisotropy in an intially isotropic material. A new constitutive equation is proposed in this paper. It relies on the decomposition of the macromolecular netw...

We present a phenomenological approach to dispersion in nonlinear elasticity. A simple, thermomechanically sound, constitutive model is proposed to describe the (non-dissipative) properties of a hyperelastic dispersive solid, without recourse to a microstructure or a special geometry. As a result, nonlinear and dispersive waves can travel in the bulk of such solids, and special waves emerge, so...