Holt-Oram syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder, characterised by skeletal abnormalities of the upper limb associated with congenital heart defect, mainly atrial and ventricular septal defects. Skeletal defects exclusively affect the upper limbs in the preaxial radial ray distribution and are bilateral and asymmetrical. They range from clinodactyly, absent or digitalised thumb, hypoplastic...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relation between a characteristic form of left ventricular dysfunction in the fetus and abnormalities of the aortic valve and endocardial fibroelastosis of the left ventricle. DESIGN A retrospective study to examine the correlation between echocardiographic findings in the fetus and postnatal or necropsy findings. SETTING Tertiary referral centre for fetal echocardi...

OBJECTIVE The Norwood procedure can be applicable as a first stage palliation in children who can eventually undergo a biventricular repair. Although usual management of these patients is a primary neonatal repair, in selected patients staged approach with a Norwood procedure in the neonatal period followed by a Rastelli procedure in the infancy for conversion to two-ventricle physiology has be...

The purpose of this study is to describe the process of parenting a child with life-threatening heart disease. Despite advances in pediatric cardiac sciences, hypoplastic left heart syndrome remains difficult and controversial to treat. The Norwood surgical approach is a developing technology, and little is known about how mothers and fathers experience parenting a child who survives this treat...

BACKGROUND There are conflicting reports regarding the importance of mitral stenosis and aortic atresia as a risk factor for Norwood mortality. This study reviews outcomes of this anatomic subgroup at our institution and examines the utility of preoperative cardiac catheterization and its correlation with clinical outcomes and pathology findings. METHODS This is a single-center, retrospective...

OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility of pulmonary artery banding, atrial septectomy or septostomy, and percutaneous stenting of the arterial duct in babies with the hypoplastic left heart syndrome. PATIENTS Four infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. SETTING Two supraregional paediatric cardiac centres. METHODS Ductal patency was maintained initially with prostaglandin E. Banding of...

This argument has surfaced in Canada in the last few years. In its more popular version,it suggests that a left-leaning feminist bias in government has led to a series of measures designed to reward families with two employed parents and to discriminate against more traditional families in which the mother stays at home full time to care for the children. In this view, if the money spent on tho...

In order to establish a normal, in-series circulation physiologically, very different from the circulation in parallel which the children are born with single ventricle, doctors Fontan and Baudet (2) and Kreutzer (3) concurrently developed surgical treatment of patients with tricuspid atresia to achieve a passive flow through the pulmonary vascular bed (1). Management strategies for patients wi...