in this paper, existence theorems for the fuzzy volterra-fredholm integral equations of mixed type (fvfiemt) involving fuzzy number valued mappings have been investigated. then, by using banach's contraction principle, sufficient conditions for the existence of a unique solution of fvfiemt are given. finally, illustrative examples are presented to validate the obtained results.

in this paper, an iterative scheme for extracting approximate solutions of two dimensional volterra-fredholm integral equations is proposed. considering some conditions on the kernel of the integral equation obtained by discretization of the integral equation, the convergence of the approximate solution to the exact solution is investigated. several examples are provided to demonstrate the effc...

in this paper, we will compare a homotopy perturbation algorithm and taylor series expansin method for a system of second kind fredholm integral equations. an application of he’s homotopy perturbation method is applied to solve the system of fredholm integral equations. taylor series expansin method reduce the system of integral equations to a linear system of ordinary differential equation.

urysohn integral equation is one of the most applicable topics in both pure and applied mathematics. the main objective of this paper is to solve the urysohn type fredholm integral equation. to do this, we approximate the solution of the problem by substituting a suitable truncated series of the well known legendre polynomials instead of the known function. after discretization of the problem o...

The littoral zone varies in size among lakes from ∼3% to 100% of lake surface area. In this paper, we derive a simple theoretical scaling relationship that explains variation, and test theory using bathymetric data across the spectra freshwater (surface area = 0.01–82,103 km2, maximum depth 2–1,741 m). Littoral primarily reflects ratio photosynthesis depth. However, are similar these characteri...

in this paper, a numerical efficient method based on two-dimensional block-pulse functions (bpfs) is proposed to approximate a solution of the two-dimensional linear stochastic volterra-fredholm integral equation. finally the accuracy of this method will be shown by an example.

a numerical method for solving nonlinear fredholm-volterra integral equations of general type is presented. this method is based on replacement of unknown function by truncated series of well known chebyshev expansion of functions. the quadrature formulas which we use to calculate integral terms have been imated by fast fourier transform (fft). this is a grate advantage of this method which has...