The action potential duration (APD) of ventricular myocytes depends on the length of the preceding diastolic interval (DI) in a relationship termed “electrical restitution.” The APD shortens with decreasing cycle length and thus with decreasing DI.1 The teleological advantage of this phenomenon is that it provides increased time for excitation-contraction coupling at long cycle lengths while pr...

Self-sensing techniques are a commonly used approach for electromagnetic actuators since they allow the removal of position sensors. Thus, costs, space requirements, and system complexity actuation systems can be reduced. A widely parameter self-sensing is position-dependent incremental inductance. Nevertheless, this strongly affected by hysteresis, which reduces performance self-sensing. This ...

The action potential duration (APD) of ventricular myocytes depends on the length of the preceding diastolic interval (DI) in a relationship termed “electrical restitution.” The APD shortens with decreasing cycle length and thus with decreasing DI.1 The teleological advantage of this phenomenon is that it provides increased time for excitation-contraction coupling at long cycle lengths while pr...

Hysteresis motor is self-starting synchronous motor that uses the hysteresis characteristics of magnetic materials to make torque. There are different methods to model this kind of motor and take into account the magnetic hysteresis characteristic of the rotor hysteresis ring. In this investigation the application of complex permeability concept is implemented to model the hysteresis loop and t...

First-order reversal curve (FORC) diagrams provide a sensitive means of probing subtle variations in hysteresis behaviour, and can help advance our understanding of the mechanisms that give rise to hysteresis. In this paper, we use FORC diagrams to study hysteresis mechanisms in multi-domain (MD) particles. The classical domain wall (DW) pinning model due to Néel [Adv. Phys. 4 (1955) 191] is a ...

The macroscopic behaviour of air and water in porous media is often approximated using Richards' equation for the fluid saturation and pressure. This equation is parametrized by the hydraulic conductivity and water release curve. In this paper, we use homogenization to derive a general model for saturation and pressure in porous media based on an underlying periodic porous structure. Under an a...

Following the Northridge earthquake of 1994, a significant number of steel moment resisting structural systems were damaged. Several studies have been conducted to improve the seismic performance of steel structures and specially their beam-to-column connections. One of the proposed connections for special moment-resisting frames included AISC-358 is Kaiser bolted bracket moment connection, bri...

In this study, a new numerical method is introduced to obtain the exact shape of output pulse in the chalcogenide fiber Bragg grating (FBG). A Gaussian pulse shape with 173 ps width is used as an input pulse for lunching to a 6.6 mm nonlinear FBG. Because of bistable and hysteresis nature of nonlinear FBG the time sequence of each portion of pulse is affected the shape of output pulse. So we di...