We study absolute income poverty measurement when agents differ in preferences and face different prices. The difficulty arising from price heterogeneity is typically solved using equivalent income, but the choice of the reference price vector remains arbitrary. We provide a way to solve this arbitrariness problem by making the poverty measure consistent with preferences: an agent qualifies as ...

We examine the determinants of low income transitions using first-order Markov models that control for initial conditions effects (those found to be poor in the base year may be a nonrandom sample) and for attrition (panel retention may also be non-random). Our econometric model is a form of endogeneous switching regression, and is fitted using simulated maximum likelihood methods. The estimate...

In this paper, our overall goal is to understand how effective access to infrastructure is in reducing poverty in PNG. To meet this goal, we examine poverty in PNG, and seek to show the relationship between poverty and access to infrastructure and then identify the determinants of poverty. In our analysis, we test whether or not access to infrastructure is a significant factor in a household's ...

In applied welfare economics, equivalence scales for household composition and size corrections, and appropriate price de‡ators are minimum requirements to perform interhousehold comparisons of welfare, measured via household income or consumption information. In practice, the information available is insu¢cient and only approximate price or household composition corrections are available. Pove...

We simulate the short- and long-term distributional consequences of COVID-19 in four largest Latin American economies: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico. show that short-term impact on income inequality poverty can be very significant, but additional spending social assistance more than offsets effect Brazil. The offsetting is significant Argentina Colombia nil Mexico, where there has been no...

This study investigated the impact of energy consumption on poverty in BRICS using panel data analysis methods (fixed effects, pooled OLS, random FMOLS) with annual ranging from 1995 to 2018. Whether economic growth is a channel through which influences was also subject investigation this study? Although there acknowledgment that reduces by authors such as Okwanya et al (2015), Hussein and Filh...

Comparison of the private consumption extracted from the Household Budget Survey and the National Accounts in Iran reveals that not only the latter always exceeds the former, but also the gap between them has increased over time. In this paper we propose a method to eliminate the discrepancy between these two sources. We integrate the micro and macro data and compare the poverty indicators...