controversial because of their obscure mechanisms. A randomized crossover study, using iron lung and positive pressure nasal ventilation (BiPAP) each for 40 mm, was performed in 11 stable patients with severe COPD. Throughout the study, we monitored surface EMGdi, EMGst, ECG, Sa05, ETCO2, and the movements of RC and tB. Afterwards the data were replayed to calculate VT, RR, PR, VT/TI, iEMG, and...

Exercise seems to attenuate the postural control system and anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) decline, but no conclusive findings are available. This study analyzes, in elderly people, the exercise effect in APAs during the raising of a load with both arms in the sagittal plane. Twenty eight males over the age of 60 (65.8 +/- 4.07 yr old)-9 veterans in exercising, 9 who exercise recently...

We investigated the effect of a one-time application of elastic constraints on movement-inherent variability during treadmill running. Eleven males ran two 35-min intervals while surface EMG was measured. In one of two 35-min intervals, after 10 min of running without tubes, elastic tubes (between hip and heels) were attached, followed by another 5 min of running without tubes. To assess variab...

Electromyograph (EMG) features have the properties of large variations and nonstationarity. An important issue in the classification of EMG is the classifier design. The major goal of this paper is to develop a classifier for the classification of eight kinds of prehensile postures to achieve high classification rate and reduce the online learning time. The cascaded architecture of neural netwo...

To examine the cerebral activity of the motor cortex during maximum movement, we measured regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in twelve normal volunteers, using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Repetitive tapping of the right index finger was performed at 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, and 4.5 Hz, and during maximum effort (ME). The relative increase rate of rCBF during movement beginning...

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of active muscle mass on cardiovascular drift (CVdrift) during prolonged exercise. Twelve subjects with peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) of 3.52 ± 0.52 L·min(-1) (mean ± SD) cycled for 55 min with 80 revolutions per minute with either two legs (2-legged) or one leg (1-legged). Oxygen uptake was at 60% of VO2peak throughout the 2-legged trial and at ...

This study analyzed the effect of caffeine ingestion on performance during a repeated-measures, 100-km, laboratory cycling time trial that included bouts of 1- and 4-km high intensity epochs (HIE). Eight highly trained cyclists participated in 3 separate trials' placebo ingestion before exercise with a placebo carbohydrate solution and placebo tablets during exercise (Pl), or placebo ingestion ...

ObjectiveTo investigate effect of flow speeds on the upper limb muscular activity butterfly swimmers training in a environment. A comparison kinematic characteristics and limbs were made when with different swimming flume. The purpose was to provide basis for scientifically formulating special advice athletes' environment.MethodsTen youth female participated study speed 70%, 80%, 90% level thei...