The hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), is an exotic insect species dramatically reducing populations of eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrieré, throughout the eastern United States. Systemic imidacloprid is one of the primary chemicals used to successfully control infestations of the hemlock woolly adelgid. The concentration levels for this systemic i...

Occasional reports linking neonicotinoid insecticide applications to field population outbreaks of the spider mite have been a topic of concern for integrated pest management programs. To elucidate the impacts of a neonicotinoid insecticide on the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval (Acari: Tetranychidae), the survivorship, reproduction, and vitellin contents of the mite wer...

Following evidence for the intoxication of bees, the systemic insecticide imidacloprid was suspected from the mid nineties of having harmful effects. Recently, some studies have demonstrated that imidacloprid is toxic for the bees at sub-lethal doses. These doses are evaluated in the range between 1 and 20 μg kg–1, or less. It appeared thus necessary to study the fate of imidacloprid in the env...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid, 1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine using monoclonal antibodies (MAb). Three MAbs, designated as E6A6, E6F3 and H7F7, were raised from mice immunized with an imidacloprid hapten–ovalbumin conjugate. These MAbs performed similarly in indirect competition ELISA (icEL...

The mobility, longevity and termiticidal activity of imidacloprid (Premise 2 termiticide; Bayer Environmental Sciences) at the termiticidal labeled rate for perimeter treatment were tested in vegetated and non-vegetated soil columns in two tests: in cone plots and in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes. Imidacloprid content in the cone plot eluate peaked at 1 month, declined rapidly by the second mo...

Title of Dissertation: MECHANISMS UNDERLYING OUTBREAKS OF SPIDER MITES FOLLOWING APPLICATIONS OF IMIDACLOPRID. Adrianna Szczepaniec, Ph.D., 2009 Directed By: Professor Michael J. Raupp, Department of Entomology Imidacloprid is a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide with high efficacy and long residual activity, and it is frequently applied to manage insect pests in urban landscapes. Recent rep...

Farmers that cultivate tomatoes use imidacloprid to combat sucking bugs even while the fruits are being harvested so they can maintain a five- six-time harvest. Decontaminating tomato before eating is absolutely necessary due insecticide's slow dissipation rate and fact residues last in vegetables for 15–25 days. The quality of fruit has been compromised cannot be used salads, despite various h...

Chemical control is one of the important strategies in agricultural pest management because of easy operation, availability and fast control of pests. On the other hand, the environment has been exposed to various types of pesticides and pollutants which are growing daily. The persistent effects of residual pesticides commonly used cause numerous problems for non-target organisms especially par...

The intensive production of horticultural crops generates large amounts agricultural biomass (BA), which is burned in the openfield or deposited landfills becoming an environmental problem, especially if they are contaminated by pesticide residues. Thestudy aimed to evaluate presence pesticides BA bell pepper, jalapeño and poblano using aQuEChERS method coupled LC/MS-MS GC/MS/MS. An analysis ma...

Imidacloprid, a relatively long residual neonicotinoid soil insecticide, is often applied to lawns and golf courses in spring for preventive control of root-feeding white grubs. We evaluated effects of such applications on spring parasitism of the overwintered third-instar Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman, by Tiphia vernalis Rohwer, an introduced solitary ectoparasitoid. Natural rates ...